Pulmonary toxicity of inhaled coal liquid aerosols (boiling range 230–450°C)

Loscutoff, S.M.; Killand, B.W.; Miller, Rodney A.; Buschbom, R.L.; Springer, David L.; Mahlum, D.D.

doi:10.1016/0041-008x(83)90318-6

Cited by 8 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Although pigmented material of HD origin was not observed in lung sections, the pulmonary al veo 1 ar macrophage response observed was compatible with the effects reported for another inhalation study using a coal-tar aerosol (McConnell and Specht, 1973). The lung response in our anlmals was less pronounced than and qualitatively different from those observed in guinea pigs exposed for a shorter period of time (3 weeks) to a similar boiling-range material obtained from the SRC-I process (Loscutoff et al, 1983). This may represent a species difference in lung response or a difference in toxicity due to differences in chemical composition of the two coal liquids.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

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Effects of inhalation exposure to SRC-II heavy and middle distillates

Springer¹,

Miller²,

Weimer³

et al. 1984

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 70%

“…Target concentrations, as indicated by previous work (Springer et al, l982b;Loscutoff et al, 1983) (Springer et al, 1981). Mean daily concentrations of the aerosol from each chamber was determined by collecting triplicate samples at three equal intervals throughout the 6-hour exposure period.…”

Section: Exposure Systemmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of inhalation exposure to SRC-II heavy and middle distillates

Springer¹,

Miller²,

Weimer³

et al. 1984

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Toxicology of coal liquefaction products: An overview

Chu

Villeneuve

Rousseaux

1994

J of Applied Toxicology

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Repeated exposure to coal liquefaction products produces a broad range of systemic effects. Among these, growth suppression, anaemia, leucocytosis and other haematological disorders are most prominent. Bone marrow, liver and kidney are the target organs affected by treatment. The effects are more severe with heavy distillates and male rats are more sensitive than females. Other changes included increased serum transaminases, alkaline phosphatase and cholesterol. Depending on the route of administration, the skin or lung may also be affected. Inhalation exposure produces the most severe changes, and oral exposure the least. Distillates containing N-PAHs and sulphur-containing PAHs are also more biologically active. Teratological effects were only observed if animals were exposed to the heavy distillate. Similarly, heavy distillates have mutagenic or carcinogenic properties. Teratological effects, as well as mutagenicity and carcinogenicity, of the coal liquefaction distillates seem to be linked to their PAH content, especially the N-PAHs. From the data presented in this review, it should become evident that the potential effects of coal liquefaction products on human health could be severe, especially with long-term exposure. Limited information exists on the occupational effects to coal liquefaction materials because most of the work to date has been with pilot plants. Careful and good judgement is required in order to extrapolate data from pilot plants to commercial-scale production. Experience in health effects of workers in the petroleum industry and coke-oven operations can serve as a guide for the implementation of industrial hygiene programmes for coal liquefaction operations. These programmes include engineering controls, health education, personal monitoring and hygienic practices, medical surveillance and long-term epidemiology studies, and they should be implemented to make coal liquefaction a healthy and environmentally sustainable industry.

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