Pulp

Ragnar, Martin; Henriksson, Gunnar; Lindström, Mikael; Wimby, Martin; Blechschmidt, Jürgen; Heinemann, Sabine

doi:10.1002/14356007.a18_545.pub4

Cited by 29 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…[197] In addition, the chemistry of Organosolv pulping underpins the novel class of valorisation processes referred to here as "Early-stage Catalytic Conversion of Lignins" (ECCL) [198] or the "Lignin-first" strategy. [277] 2.6.1.…”

Section: Structural Features Of Technical Ligninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Kraft Pulping Process Globally,the Kraft process is the dominant technology of the pulp and paper industry.Approximately 130 million tons of Kraft pulp are generated annually. [197] Surprisingly,t his technology is one of the few persistent examples of achemical organic process,p erformed at am illion-ton-scale,t hat is stoichiometric and not catalytic.The Kraft process originated in 1879 in Danzig,Prussia (nowadays Gdań sk in Poland). It is so-named after the German word for "strength", because of the superior resilience of the pulps vs.those obtained from the earlier soda and sulfite processes.T he long-term success of the Kraft process lies in the recyclability of the inorganic pulping agents (Na 2 S/NaOH) and, more recently,i nt he efficient generation of electricity by the Kraft recovery boiler.…”

Section: Structural Features Of Technical Ligninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is so-named after the German word for "strength", because of the superior resilience of the pulps vs.those obtained from the earlier soda and sulfite processes.T he long-term success of the Kraft process lies in the recyclability of the inorganic pulping agents (Na 2 S/NaOH) and, more recently,i nt he efficient generation of electricity by the Kraft recovery boiler. [197] In the boiler,t he black liquor obtained from the pulping step (which contains the lignin fraction) is incinerated and Na 2 Si sr egenerated (Na 2 SO 4 + 2C!Na 2 S + 2CO 2 ), i.e., the lignins carbon is employed as areducing agent. Theboiler produces high-pressure steam that powers turbo-generators.…”

Section: Structural Features Of Technical Ligninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Theboiler produces high-pressure steam that powers turbo-generators. [197] Modern Kraft mills generate ac onsiderable electricity surplus,w hich is often sold back to the local electrical grid. [199] Considering the global scale of the process (incineration of lignin generates ca.…”

Section: Structural Features Of Technical Ligninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[197,204] This problem has long motivated the search for more environmentally-benign alternatives.I nt his context, pulping with organic solvents was first reported in 1931 as an alternative to processes based on sulfurous chemicals. [211] At temperatures of ca.…”

Section: Pulping With Organic Solvents-organosolv Ligninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Paving the Way for Lignin Valorisation: Recent Advances in Bioengineering, Biorefining and Catalysis

et al. 2016

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Lignin is an abundant biopolymer with a high carbon content and high aromaticity. Despite its potential as a raw material for the fuel and chemical industries, lignin remains the most poorly utilised of the lignocellulosic biopolymers. Effective valorisation of lignin requires careful fine‐tuning of multiple “upstream” (i.e., lignin bioengineering, lignin isolation and “early‐stage catalytic conversion of lignin”) and “downstream” (i.e., lignin depolymerisation and upgrading) process stages, demanding input and understanding from a broad array of scientific disciplines. This review provides a “beginning‐to‐end” analysis of the recent advances reported in lignin valorisation. Particular emphasis is placed on the improved understanding of lignin's biosynthesis and structure, differences in structure and chemical bonding between native and technical lignins, emerging catalytic valorisation strategies, and the relationships between lignin structure and catalyst performance.

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Section: Structural Features Of Technical Ligninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Structural Features Of Technical Ligninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Structural Features Of Technical Ligninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Structural Features Of Technical Ligninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Pulping With Organic Solvents-organosolv Ligninsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Paving the Way for Lignin Valorisation: Recent Advances in Bioengineering, Biorefining and Catalysis

et al. 2016

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Wege zur Verwertung von Lignin: Fortschritte in der Biotechnik, der Bioraffination und der Katalyse

Rinaldi¹,

et al. 2016

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Lignin ist ein reichlich vorhandenes Biopolymer mit hohem Kohlenstoffgehalt und hoher Aromatizität. Trotz seines Potenzials als Rohstoff für die Kraftstoffherstellung und die chemische Industrie ist Lignin noch immer das am wenigsten genutzte Biopolymer der Lignocellulose. Zur effektiven Aufwertung von Lignin ist eine sorgfältige Feinabstimmung mehrerer vorgeschalteter Prozessstufen (d. h. Biotechnik von Lignin, Abtrennung von Lignin und katalytische Umwandlung von Lignin in der Anfangsphase) und mehrerer nachgeschalteter Prozessstufen (d. h. Depolymerisation und Verwertung von Lignin) erforderlich, die den Einsatz und das Zusammenwirken eines breiten Spektrums wissenschaftlicher Disziplinen erfordert. Dieser Aufsatz liefert eine Analyse der neuesten Fortschritte bei der Verwertung von Lignin “vom Anfang bis zum Ende”. Besonderes Augenmerk liegt auf dem verbesserten Verständnis der Biosynthese und Struktur von Lignin, den Unterschieden in Struktur und chemischer Bindung zwischen nativen und technischen Ligninen, den neu aufkommenden Verfahren der katalytischen Verwertung und den Zusammenhängen zwischen Ligninstruktur und Katalysatorleistung.

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Divergent and Selective Light Alkene Cross‐Coupling

Wang,

Zhang,

Koh

et al. 2023

Angewandte Chemie

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Light olefins are abundantly manufactured in the petroleum industry and thus represent ideal starting materials for modern chemical synthesis. Selective and divergent transformations of feedstock light olefins to value‐added chemicals are highly sought‐after but remain challenging. Herein we report an exceptionally regioselective carbonickelation of light alkenes followed by in situ trapping with three types of nucleophiles, namely a reductant, base, or Grignard reagent. This protocol enables efficient 1,2‐hydrofunctionalization, dicarbofunctionalization, and branched‐selective Heck‐type cross‐coupling of light alkenes with aryl and alkenyl reagents to streamline access to diverse alkyl arenes and complex alkenes. Harnessing bulky N‐heterocyclic carbene ligands with acenaphthyl backbones for nickel catalysts is crucial to attain high reactivity and selectivity. This strategy provides a rare, modular, and divergent platform for upgrading feedstock alkenes and is expected to find broad applications in medicinal chemistry and industrial processes.

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Pulp

Cited by 29 publications

References 37 publications

Paving the Way for Lignin Valorisation: Recent Advances in Bioengineering, Biorefining and Catalysis

Paving the Way for Lignin Valorisation: Recent Advances in Bioengineering, Biorefining and Catalysis

Wege zur Verwertung von Lignin: Fortschritte in der Biotechnik, der Bioraffination und der Katalyse

Divergent and Selective Light Alkene Cross‐Coupling

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