Pulp stones as risk predictors for coronary artery disease

Babu, Suresh J; Swarnalatha, C; Rao, Amit P; Kumar, B. Vinoth; Tilak, Balagangadhar P; Naidu, R; Nayyar, Abhishek Singh

doi:10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_68_19

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…A series of clinical and biochemical tests, which have the obvious advantage of detecting changes before clinical disease manifests itself and its signs and symptoms become apparent, may rule out such a person as a candidate for coronary artery disease in the presence of other compounding risk factors. 11 This was further validated by the findings of Edds et al who demonstrated that just 39% of patients without a history of cardiovascular disease developed pulp stones, compared to 74% of people with a history of the condition. 12 Almutlaq et al reported a notable correlation between pulp stones and advanced age.…”

Section: Evidence From Literaturementioning

confidence: 71%

Pulp stones and its relation with co-morbid diseases

Elyas

Obaid²,

Aljumaah³

et al. 2023

Int J Community Med Public Health

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Pulp stones are nodular, calcified masses that can develop in the pulp of healthy, damaged or even developing teeth. In addition to a number of other factors and idiopathic factors, a number of theories have been put forward about the etiological factors behind the occurrence of pulp stones. These include age, genetic susceptibility, pulp degeneration, pulp circulatory disturbances, inductive interactions between pulp tissue and epithelium, and orthodontic tooth movements. Recently, pulp stones development has been linked to a number of systemic disorders, including diabetes, renal diseases, autoimmune diseases, and coronary artery disease. Osteopontin appears to contribute to plaque calcification and is a component of atheromatous plaques. Calcifications have also been noted in renal and carotid arteries with osteopontin, and numerous studies have shown a relationship between atheromatous plaques in arteries and the development of pulp stones. The development of pulp stones, kidney stones, joint calcification, and atheromatous plaques in arteries are thought to share the same mechanism of apatite formation. It has been hypothesized that the biological apatite that nanobacteria produce on their cell walls, which is comparable to kidney stones and calcified tissue, may be a common cause of both pulp stones and atheromatous plaques seen in coronary artery disease. As per the findings of several studies, pulp stones are more severe in coronary artery disease patients. The purpose of this research is to review the available information about pulp stones and its relation with co-morbid diseases.

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Section: Evidence From Literaturementioning

confidence: 71%

Pulp stones and its relation with co-morbid diseases

Elyas

Obaid²,

Aljumaah³

et al. 2023

Int J Community Med Public Health

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“…Akin to the relationship between age and pulp stone formation, there is no consensus in dental literature about the effect of sex on the frequency of pulp stone occurrence [ 12 ]. Some studies have reported higher pulp stone incidence in females than in males whereas others have failed to demonstrate the same result [ 2 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 ]. The results of the present study revealed that pulp stone incidence in the female group is significantly higher compared to the male group ( p = 0.001).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulp stones: any relevance with the levels of serum calcium, parathyroid hormone, vitamin D and uric acid

Gürhan,

Saruhan

2024

Restor Dent Endod

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Objectives This study evaluated the effect of serum calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH), vitamin D, and uric acid levels on pulp stone formation. Materials and Methods Patients who were admitted to the Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology for dental complaints were registered. Among these patients, individuals who had routine biochemical tests at the same period in the Outpatient Clinics of Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University Training and Research Hospital were included in the study. The patients with at least 1 pulp stone on panoramic radiographs recorded as the “pulp stone group” while patients without any pulp stones were the “control group”. Demographic data and serum levels of calcium, PTH, vitamin D, and uric acid were retrospectively evaluated in both groups. Student t -test or Mann-Whitney U test was used to evaluate the differences between the groups. Results Among 151 patients, dental pulp stone was detected in 53.6% of patients, and 82.7% of these patients were female. Female sex and pulp stone formation were significantly associated ( p = 0.001). The mean age of the pulp stone group was 43.9, while it was 39.9 in the control group, without any significant correlation between age and pulp stone ( p > 0.05). Similarly, there were no significant differences in serum levels of PTH, vitamin D, uric acid and calcium between groups ( p > 0.05). Conclusions According to the present study, the effect of dental factors rather than systemic factors should be considered primarily in pulp stone formation.

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“…Another highlight is that the incidence of pulp stones is higher in patients with diabetes and kidney disease (Nakajima et al, 2013), including urolithiasis (Movahhedian et al, 2018;Gabardo et al, 2019), and coronary artery disease (Alsweed et al, 2019). In addition, there are evidence in the literature that female individuals are more affected (Ravanshad et al, 2015;Jannati et al, 2019), but other authors have not confirmed this information (Hsieh et al, 2018;Babu et al, 2020).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…From the clinical point of view, the pulp stones make endodontic treatment extremely difficult, as they cause obliterations that cannot allow an adequate chemical-surgical preparation (Qualtrough and Mannocci, 2011). For clinical diagnosis of the systemic diseases, blood or urine samples are widely used, but recently, saliva emerges as a useful biofluid that provides rapid and accurate information for monitoring and management of patients with both oral and systemic diseases (Malamud, 2011;Rahim et al, 2015;Babu et al, 2020). In fact, it is not new that salivary compounds are a mixture of components derived from the salivary gland and blood, and both its volume and composition may vary depending on the environmental stimuli to which the individual is subjected (Malamud, 2011) or nutrition status.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sialometric and Sialochemical Analysis in Individuals With Pulp Stones

Gabardo

Kublitski

Sette

et al. 2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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The aim of this study was to analyze the saliva of patients with pulp stones, with sialometric and sialochemical tests. Eighty individuals, aged between18 and 65 years, of both sexes, were investigated. Patients were included in the pulp stone group when radiographic examination was suggestive of pulp stones in at least one permanent tooth, whereas those without this alteration were considered controls. Saliva was collected by stimulation, followed by salivary flowrate (SFR) and pH analysis tests. The organic components, such as urea (URE), glucose (GLU), total proteins (TPTs), alkaline phosphatase, creatinine (CRE), salivary amylase (SAM), and uric acid (URA), and the inorganic components, such as calcium, iron, and phosphorus, were evaluated by colorimetric techniques in an ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectrophotometer. Differences among pulp stones and control groups were compared using Student's t-test, with a significance level of p < 0.05. In both groups prevailed the female. Statistically significant differences between groups were observed for pH (p = 0.027), SFR (p = 0.002), alkaline phosphatase (p = 0.008), and URA (p = 0.005). None of the inorganic components showed significant difference (p > 0.05). In the analyses stratified by sex, difference between groups was observed for pH (p = 0.007) and URA (p = 0.003) in women. In conclusion, sialometric and sialochemical alterations occurred in patients with pulp stones, with significantly higher levels of pH, SFR, alkaline phosphatase, and URA.

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Pulp stones as risk predictors for coronary artery disease

Cited by 10 publications

References 18 publications

Pulp stones and its relation with co-morbid diseases

Pulp stones and its relation with co-morbid diseases

Pulp stones: any relevance with the levels of serum calcium, parathyroid hormone, vitamin D and uric acid

Sialometric and Sialochemical Analysis in Individuals With Pulp Stones

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