Pulse shape evolution and noise estimates in concatenated fiber links using analog optoelectronical repeaters

Schiess, M.; Berglind, E.; Thylén, Lars

doi:10.1109/50.507937

Cited by 12 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…But some important ones provide accurate, in-depth modeling of system performance but for specific systems. One of the earliest such works is by Schiess et al [16] for cascaded analog optoelectronic repeaters where the pulse shape, noise, and BER evolutions are analytically modeled. It was proved that even though the cascaded analog OEO repeaters can be made to perform well in dispersion limited systems, beyond a point, cascaded EDFA links outperform because of lower noise accumulation.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Performance Limit Estimation Framework for Multihop Repeated/Regenerated Optical Links

Francis

Manivasakan

2022

IEEE Access

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We propose and demonstrate a generalized framework for performance limit evaluation and comparison of multihop optical repeated and regenerated links. The model developed is implementation agnostic and applies to multihop optical links of varied forms, including fiber, free space, and underwater links. The framework estimates the best-case performance gains of deploying an all-regenerative link over an all-repeater link for any given implementation. The implementation-independent technique is then illustrated using guided and free-space optical links. An abstract model is developed first with the evolution of signal, noise power, and bit error rate down the link compared and contrasted for both cases. The model is then evaluated using physical parameters for a typical fiber optic intensity-modulated direct detection link, and the obtained all-regenerator link performance advantage is translated to extra reach and lower transmission power requirements. Further, certain approximations are provided to reduce computational complexity and improve the analytical tractability of the procedure, which could be particularly helpful when employed in specialized hardware or for dynamic reconfiguration networks. Finally, the framework's versatility is established by employing it in analyzing an ideal free-space link and comparing amplify and forward links against decode and forward counterparts. Similar results are also reproduced on a commercial optical link simulation suite. Detailed literature on link analysis is provided for fiber, free space, and underwater links, bringing out their similarities. We conclude by elaborating on various current and emerging application domains and certain limitations of the proposed technique.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Performance Limit Estimation Framework for Multihop Repeated/Regenerated Optical Links

Francis

Manivasakan

2022

IEEE Access

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“…Hence OEO Regenerators had to be introduced after several repeaters to rebuild the signal, restoring its SNR. These early OEO optoelectronic regenerators can be thought of as receive-transmit pairs, which would detect the signal, makes the bit decisions, and then transmits the bits towards the receiver of the optical link [27]. This would add bit errors, owing to the noisy input, but increase the optical reach significantly.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One of the earliest studies of noise accumulation comparison is done by Schiess et.al. [27], where pulse shape evolution and noise evolution were compared between analog OEO repeaters and EDFA links. Ohlen et al [22] proved that even a small nonlinearity in an optoelectronic repeater response could reduce BER accumulation compared to their linear counterparts.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ohlen et al [22] proved that even a small nonlinearity in an optoelectronic repeater response could reduce BER accumulation compared to their linear counterparts. These works [27], [22] predated optical regenerators and were meant to compare EDFA links and OEO repeaters (not regenerators -which generally included clock recovery and decision logics) with added nonlinearities for noise suppression. Mork et al [21] derived approximate analytical expressions for BER in cascaded all-optical 2R regenerators and shows even moderate reshaping can significantly reduce noise build-up.…”

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confidence: 99%

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On the Theoretical Performance Limits of Long Repeated/Regenerated Optical IMDD Links

Francis¹,

Manivasakan²

2021

Preprint

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The introduction of optical amplifiers has drastically increased the capacity and the reach of optical transmission links. However, they add Amplified Spontaneous Emission (ASE) noise, which progressively degrades the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) when cascaded and ultimately limits the transmission reach and performance. This is conventionally offset using regenerators, typically Optical-Electrical-Optical (OEO) conversion devices, that recreate the signal restoring its source SNR, albeit with bit errors due to the hitherto accumulated noise. These OEO regenerators tend to be expensive and add to the link latency, which sets the scene for widespread commercial implementation of all-optical regenerators in the near future. Our work aims to analyze the ideal, best-case theoretical gains achievable using an all-regenerator optical link as compared to an all-repeater link. So, this analytical study serves as a benchmark against which future link performance gains can be compared. We also translate this bound on BER advantage to extra reach or lower transmission power. We compare and contrast the evolution of noise power and BER down the link using the derived analytical expressions. The theoretical comparative study is then evaluated by incorporating the physical parameters of the devices. Both results agree and prove the dramatic increase in link reach achievable using all-regenerator links with minor input power penalties. Further, certain approximations to reduce the computational overhead for the described methods are proposed, which should find applications in dynamic reconfigurable optical networks.

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Wavelength Translators

Sabella¹,

Lugli²

1999

High Speed Optical Communications

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Pulse shape evolution and noise estimates in concatenated fiber links using analog optoelectronical repeaters

Cited by 12 publications

References 20 publications

A Performance Limit Estimation Framework for Multihop Repeated/Regenerated Optical Links

A Performance Limit Estimation Framework for Multihop Repeated/Regenerated Optical Links

On the Theoretical Performance Limits of Long Repeated/Regenerated Optical IMDD Links

Wavelength Translators

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