Pulse wave amplitude is associated with brachial artery diameter: Implications for gender differences in microvascular function

Heffernan, Kevin S.; Karas, Richard H.; Mooney, Paula; Patel, Ayan R.; Kuvin, Jeffrey T.

doi:10.1177/1358863x09349523

Cited by 24 publications

(23 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…Previous studies have noted that PWA-RHI is predictive of the presence of coronary artery disease (Kuvin et al 2003) and is a sensitive measure of coronary dysfunction (Bonetti et al 2004). We have also recently shown that PWA-RHI is inversely associated with brachial artery diameter (r = -0.34, p \ 0.05), a reflection of positive vascular remodeling related to systemic atherosclerosis (Heffernan et al 2010a). Present findings add to this by noting for the first time that PWA-RHI is also inversely associated with the extent/severity of coronary atherosclerosis and this is novel.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Peripheral augmentation index as a biomarker of vascular aging: an invasive hemodynamics approach

et al. 2011

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We compared two measures of vascular function obtained from digital volume waveforms with measures of target organ damage and novel invasive measures of vascular function as they relate to vascular aging. Aortic pulse pressure amplification, pulsatility, form factor and extent of coronary atherosclerosis (modified Gensini score) were obtained invasively in 59 patients undergoing left heart catheterization. Digital volume waveforms were captured via peripheral arterial tone (PAT) and used to derive augmentation index (AIx) and the pulse wave amplitude-reactive hyperemia index (PWA-RHI). AIx was associated with age (r = 0.50, p < 0.05) and aortic pulsatility (r = 0.45, p < 0.05) and inversely associated with estimated glomerular filtration rate (-0.29, p < 0.05) aortic pulse pressure amplification (r = -0.28, p < 0.05) and aortic form factor (r = -0.38, p < 0.05). AIx was slightly higher in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) versus those without left ventricular hypertrophy (30 vs. 14%, p = 0.058). There was no association between AIx and Gensini score. PWA-RHI was not associated with age, estimated glomerular filtration rate or invasive vascular parameters and did not differ in patients with versus without LVH (p = ns). PWA-RHI was inversely associated with Gensini score (r = -0.32, p < 0.05). AIx derived from PAT is correlated with age-associated changes in vascular function and target organ damage but not coronary atherosclerotic burden. PWA-RHI is associated with coronary atherosclerotic burden but is not associated with target organ damage or other measures of vascular aging assessed in this study. Each parameter provides distinct insight into systemic vascular aging and target organ damage.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

Peripheral augmentation index as a biomarker of vascular aging: an invasive hemodynamics approach

et al. 2011

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“…Arterial stiffness, like FMD, has been shown to be an independent predictor for increased cardiovascular risk. 14, 67, 68 A dynamic relationship between these two physiologic parameters has been suggested, 14, 69–72 and an association could explain how both endothelial cell dysfunction and arterial stiffness are related to worse cardiovascular outcomes. It should be emphasized that our evaluation of arterial resistance is based on non-invasive measurements made with an applanation tonometry device; consequently, the overall arterial stiffening that we observed during the 5 days of BR is likely functional and reversible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term physical inactivity impairs vascular function

Nosova

Yen

Chong

et al. 2014

Journal of Surgical Research

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Introduction Sedentarism, also termed physical inactivity, is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Mechanisms thought to be involved include insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and increased inflammation. It is unknown whether changes in vascular and endothelial function also contribute to this excess risk. We hypothesized that short-term exposure to inactivity would lead to endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffening and increased vascular inflammation. Methods Five healthy subjects (4 males and 1 female) underwent 5 days of bed rest (BR) to simulate inactivity. Measurements of vascular function [flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) to evaluate endothelial function; applanation tonometry to assess arterial resistance], inflammation and metabolism were made before BR, daily during BR and after 2 recovery days. Subjects maintained an isocaloric diet throughout. Results Bed rest led to significant decreases in brachial artery and femoral artery FMD [Brachial: 11 ± 3% pre-BR vs. 9 ± 2% end-BR, P=0.04; Femoral: 4 ± 1% vs. 2 ± 1%, P=0.04]. The central augmentation index increased with BR [−4 ± 9% vs. 5 ± 11%, P=0.03]. Diastolic blood pressure (DBP) increased [58 ± 7 mmHg vs. 62 ± 7 mmHg, P=0.02], while neither systolic blood pressure nor heart rate changed. 15-HETE, an arachidonic acid metabolite, increased but the other inflammatory and metabolic biomarkers were unchanged. Conclusions Our findings show that acute exposure to sedentarism results in decreased endothelial function, arterial stiffening, increased DBP, and an increase in 15-HETE. We speculate that inactivity promotes a vascular “deconditioning” state characterized by impaired endothelial function, leading to arterial stiffness and increased arterial tone. Although physiologically significant, the underlying mechanisms and clinical relevance of these findings need to be further explored.

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“…Arterial stiffness, like FMD, has been shown to be an independent predictor for increased cardiovascular risk. 14,67,68 A dynamic relationship between these two physiologic parameters has been suggested, 14,[69][70][71][72] and an association could explain how both endothelial cell dysfunction and arterial stiffness are related to worse cardiovascular outcomes. It should be emphasized that our evaluation of arterial resistance is based on non-invasive measurements made with an applanation tonometry device; consequently, the overall arterial stiffening that we observed during the 5 days of BR is likely functional and reversible.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Short-term Physical Inactivity Impairs Vascular Function

Nosova

Yen

Chong

et al. 2014

Journal of Surgical Research

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Introduction-Sedentarism, also termed physical inactivity, is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Mechanisms thought to be involved include insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and increased inflammation. It is unknown whether changes in vascular and endothelial function also contribute to this excess risk. We hypothesized that shortterm exposure to inactivity would lead to endothelial dysfunction, arterial stiffening and increased vascular inflammation.

show abstract

Pulse wave amplitude is associated with brachial artery diameter: Implications for gender differences in microvascular function

Cited by 24 publications

References 31 publications

Peripheral augmentation index as a biomarker of vascular aging: an invasive hemodynamics approach

Peripheral augmentation index as a biomarker of vascular aging: an invasive hemodynamics approach

Short-term physical inactivity impairs vascular function

Short-term Physical Inactivity Impairs Vascular Function

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