Pulse wave velocity and augmentation index, but not intima‐media thickness, are early indicators of vascular damage in hypercholesterolemic children

Riggio, Stefania; Mandraffino, Giuseppe; Sardo, M.A.; Iudicello, Raffaella; Camarda, N.; Imbalzano, Egidio; Alibrandi, Angela; Saitta, Carlo; Carerj, Scipione; Arrigo, T; Saitta, Antonino

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2362.2010.02260.x

Cited by 115 publications

(87 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…Aortic stiffness, measured with carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity, was comparable in patients with FH and their FH-free relatives. Similar data regarding local stiffness assessment by echo-tracking in patients with FH were obtained by Riggio et al [17]. However, unlike our study, they analyzed only the group of children, whereas the control group included only healthy subjects.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

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P5.22 Carotid and Aortic Stiffness in Patients With Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Ершова¹,

Мешков²,

Рожкова³

et al. 2011

ARTRES

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 64%

“…There is only one study assessing common carotid artery stiffness by echo-tracking in patients with FH, and this shows that local arterial stiffness is increased in asymptomatic normotensive children with FH, suggesting that hypercholesterolemia plays a key role in arterial mechanical impairment from childhood [17].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

P5.22 Carotid and Aortic Stiffness in Patients With Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia

Ершова¹,

Мешков²,

Рожкова³

et al. 2011

ARTRES

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“…Overall, current data suggest childhood BP only variably predicts increased PWV (125)(126)(127). Emerging data suggest that functional changes in large vessels are the earliest detectable findings in children, for example in those with familial hypercholestrolaemia and CKD (128,129).…”

Section: Blood Vesselsmentioning

confidence: 81%

2016 European Society of Hypertension guidelines for the management of high blood pressure in children and adolescents

Lurbe

Agabiti‐Rosei

Cruickshank

et al. 2016

Journal of Hypertension

1,089

1,063

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“…Increased arterial stiffness evaluated by applanation tonometry was also reported in children with type 1 diabetes [13], hypercholesterolemia [14], low birth weight [15], end-stage renal failure treated with hemodialysis [16] and after kidney transplantation [17]. In addition, Yu et al showed increased pulse wave velocity in patients with acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 81%

Pulse Wave Analysis in Children with Glomerulopathies

Skrzypczyk¹,

Wawer²

2013

J Nephrol Ther

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Sympathetic activation, hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and immunosuppressive treatment are risk factors for vascular damage in children with glomerulopathies. Aim:To perform pulse wave analysis in children with glomerulopathies. Material and Methods:We studied 33 children (22♂, 11♀) aged 13.3 ± 3.9 years with glomerulopathies: Henoch-Schonlein nephropathy 9 patients, IgA nephropathy 7 patients, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis 4 patients, mesangioproliferative glomerulonephritis 3 patients, minimal change disease 3 patients, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) 3 patients, and other nephropathies 4 patients. We evaluated age at the disease onset, development of hypertension, body mass index (BMI) Z-score, selected biochemical variables, glomerular filtration rate (ac. to Schwartz formula), and pulse wave parameters determined using a SphygmoCor device (AtCor Medical, Australia): aortic systolic pressure (AoSP), diastolic pressure (AoDP) and pulse pressure (AoPP), augmentation pressure (AP), augmentation index (AIx), augmentation index corrected for heart rate of 75 beats per minute (AIx-75HR) [%], and an index of myocardial oxygen supply and demand, subendocardial viability ratio (SEVR) [%]. The control group included 20 healthy children matched for age and gender.Results: Children with glomerulopathies showed trends for higher mean AP (P=0.08) and AIx (P=0.07), and a significantly higher mean AIx-75HR (P<0.05). Patients with hypertension (n=13) showed higher mean AoDP (P<0.05) and AIx-75HR (P<0.05) compared to normotensives (n=20). Six (18.2%) overhydrated patients had significantly (P<0.05) higher diastolic peripheral and aoritc diastolic blood pressure, as well as aortic systolic blood pressure than 27 (81.8%) normovolemic children. In 33 children, AoSP and AoDP correlated positively with proteinuria (r=0.44, P<0.05; and r=0.57, P<0.05, respectively); AoDP showed negative correlations with albumin (r=-0.42, P<0.05), total protein (r=-0.36, P<0.05), calcium level (r=-0.47, P<0.05). AoPP correlated positively with BMI Z-score (r=0.43, P<0.05), and SEVR negatively with total cholesterol level (r=-0.43, P<0.05). Conclusions:i.Patients with glomerulopathies show increased arterial stiffness compared to their healthy peers.ii. In children with glomerulonephritis, hypertension is a risk factor for increased aortic stiffness, and hypercholesterolemia may be a risk factor for future myocardial ischemia.iii. Overhydration in children with glomerulonephritis can increase peripheral and central blood pressure without influencing arterial stiffness.

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Pulse wave velocity and augmentation index, but not intima‐media thickness, are early indicators of vascular damage in hypercholesterolemic children

Abstract: Our findings show that local and systemic arterial stiffness are increased in asymptomatic, normotensive HCh children, suggesting that HCh plays a key role in arterial mechanical impairment since the paediatric age.

Cited by 115 publications

References 41 publications

P5.22 Carotid and Aortic Stiffness in Patients With Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia

P5.22 Carotid and Aortic Stiffness in Patients With Heterozygous Familial Hypercholesterolemia

2016 European Society of Hypertension guidelines for the management of high blood pressure in children and adolescents

Pulse Wave Analysis in Children with Glomerulopathies

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