Pulsed electric field based antifouling method for salinometers

Block, R.; Leipold, F.; Lebahn, K.; May, H.; Schoenbach, K.H.; Royer, Thomas C.; Atkinson, Larry P.; Wullschleger, T.

doi:10.1109/ppps.2001.1001748

Cited by 3 publications

(8 citation statements)

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“…Viability was determined by cultivation. Block et al (2001) used such an approach to protect salinity sensors, reporting "Whereas the control unit showed strong biocontamination, the treated unit had much less biofouling".…”

Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of electric polarization of indium tin oxide (ITO) and polypyrrole on biofilm formation

Schaule

Rumpf

Weidlich

et al. 2008

Water Science and Technology

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The influence of electric polarization on primary adhesion and on biofilm formation was investigated. As substrata, indium tin oxide (ITO) and polypyrrole coatings were used because of their electric conductivity. The materials were polarized from -600 mV to +600 mV, switching every 60 seconds. Control was non-polarized substrata. Primary adhesion under this regime was not strongly influenced, however, the morphology of the primary biofilm was obviously different from that of the control. Biofilm formation of the natural population of non-chlorinated drinking water, supplemented with nutrient in low concentration, was determined over 164 hours. While the biofilm on the control surface developed to a thickness of about 100 microm, on the pulsed polarized surface it reproducibly developed only to a very thin biofilm. Faster switching of the polarization (10 second) had no further influence. If the polarization routine was reduced to only twice a day (one hour), no influence on biofilm development was observed. These results indicate that fluctuating polarization at a rate of once per minute inhibits the physiological processes during biofilm formation during one week. Investigations are in process to determine further details of this effect in order to employ it for inhibition of biofouling.

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Section: )mentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of electric polarization of indium tin oxide (ITO) and polypyrrole on biofilm formation

Schaule

Rumpf

Weidlich

et al. 2008

Water Science and Technology

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“…28 Block et al found a good biofouling protection for salinometers for 8 weeks by using an electric field of 6 kV/cm with pulse durations of 700 ns and high voltage pulses (pulse amplitudes of 1 kV). 27 Also Peŕez-Roa et al observed a reduced barnacle settlement when 100 ms pulses with 10 V amplitude were applied. 53 While previous studies used exclusively high potential pulses to reduce marine biofilm formation, [21][22][23][24]27,28 we could show in our study that already relatively low potentials of −0.3 V and APs of −0.3 V/0 V/0.3 V showed a reduced adhesion of marine biofilm formers (Figures 3 and 4).…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…27 Also Peŕez-Roa et al observed a reduced barnacle settlement when 100 ms pulses with 10 V amplitude were applied. 53 While previous studies used exclusively high potential pulses to reduce marine biofilm formation, [21][22][23][24]27,28 we could show in our study that already relatively low potentials of −0.3 V and APs of −0.3 V/0 V/0.3 V showed a reduced adhesion of marine biofilm formers (Figures 3 and 4). Due to the electrochemical characterization of the gold WE in seawater we showed that besides the electrostatic arguments 3,8,14,29 also the presence of hydrogen peroxide as ROS 13 and hydroxide formation could contribute to the observed antifouling effects.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…21 In other studies, even higher potential pulses were used to reduce biofilm formation. [22][23][24]27,28,53 The effectivity of APs between 0.5 and 5 V with a switching frequency of 200 Hz for a reduction of biofilm growth was demonstrated for Pseudomonas aeruginosa, 24 while a high pulse amplitude of 19 kV with 23.15 kHz frequency and 0.5 duty cycle applied to carbon fiber composite showed a good prevention of fouling by bacteria, microalgae, and barnacle larvae in seawater. 28 Block et al found a good biofouling protection for salinometers for 8 weeks by using an electric field of 6 kV/cm with pulse durations of 700 ns and high voltage pulses (pulse amplitudes of 1 kV).…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…24 Low currents, 25,26 high voltages, 26 and pulsed electric fields 27,28 25,27,28 Park et al described a complete elimination of Vibrio parahemolyticus, an invasive bacteria strain, when 1 A alternating currents were applied at 12 V and 5 Hz in effluent seawater, 25 while Block et al found a good biofouling protection for salinometers for 8 weeks by using high voltage pulses of 6 kV/cm with pulse lengths of 700 ns and a repetition rate of 400 Hz. 27 High voltage pulses applied to carbon fiber composite coatings showed a good prevention of fouling by bacteria, microalgae, and barnacle larvae in seawater at a pulse amplitude of 19 kV with 23 kHz frequency repetition rate (square waveform pulse generation) and 0.5 duty cycle. 28 Such high voltages effectively caused a cell membrane breakdown but adversely also frequently damaged the coatings, which calls for further optimization.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Control of Marine Bacteria and Diatom Biofouling by Constant and Alternating Potentials

2021

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The application of electrochemical potentials to surfaces is an easy and direct way to alter surface charge density, the structure of the electrochemical double layer, and the presence of electrochemically activated species. On such electrified interfaces the formation of biofilms is reduced. Here we investigate how applied potentials alter the colonization of surfaces by the marine bacterium Cobetia marina and the marine diatom Navicula perminuta. Different constant potentials between −0.8 and 0.6 V as well as regular switching between two potentials were investigated, and their influence on the attachment of the two biofilm-forming microorganisms on gold-coated working electrodes was quantified. Reduced bacteria and diatom attachment were found when negative potentials and alternating potentials were applied. The results are discussed on the basis of the electrochemical processes occurring at the working electrode in artificial seawater as revealed by cyclic voltammetry.

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A Test of Sol–Gel Incorporation of Organic Compounds as Translucent, Marine Biofouling-Resistant Windows

Stokes

2023

JMSE

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Organic compounds, including antimicrobial agents azithromycin and hydrous allicin extracts, were sequestered in a silicate sol–gel matrix to function as a biofouling-resistant window for oceanographic instrumentation. The windows fabricated in this manner resisted the formation of microbial biofilms (the precursor to settlement of larger macro-fouling organisms) for up to a week and maintained low levels of fouling for 3 weeks, whereas bare glass substrates form biofilms within hours of seawater submersion. The technique shows promise for the construction of additional translucent solids and coatings using other environmentally friendly biocides.

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Pulsed electric field based antifouling method for salinometers

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Effects of electric polarization of indium tin oxide (ITO) and polypyrrole on biofilm formation

Effects of electric polarization of indium tin oxide (ITO) and polypyrrole on biofilm formation

Control of Marine Bacteria and Diatom Biofouling by Constant and Alternating Potentials

A Test of Sol–Gel Incorporation of Organic Compounds as Translucent, Marine Biofouling-Resistant Windows

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