Pulsed electromagnetic fields preserve bone architecture and mechanical properties and stimulate porous implant osseointegration by promoting bone anabolism in type 1 diabetic rabbits

Cai, Jing; Li, Wenhao; Sun, Ting; Li, X.; Luo, Erping; Jing, Da

doi:10.1007/s00198-018-4392-1

Cited by 40 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 56 publications

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“…43,44 Our results show that PEMF or WBV improved femoral and vertebral trabecular bone material properties in young adult rats, which are consistent with previous findings in young diabetic animals. 16,17,34 In line with the µCT results, however, no observable impact of single PEMF or WBV on structural or material properties was found in aged rats. Moreover, PEMF + WBV stimulation not only induced greater increase of structural and material properties in femora and vertebrae of young adult rats, but significantly ameliorated the deterioration of skeletal mechanical properties in aged rats.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Rats in the PEMF group were subjected to daily PEMF stimulation (2.0 mT, 15 Hz) with 2 hour/day for 8 consecutive weeks. This exposure protocol has been widely employed by the studies of our and other groups and proved to be effective for promoting in vivo osteogenesis . Animals in the WBV group were stimulated with daily WBV loading (0.5 g , 45 Hz) with 1 hour/day for 8 weeks.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This exposure protocol has been widely employed by the studies of our and other groups and proved to be effective for promoting in vivo osteogenesis. [32][33][34] Animals in the WBV group were stimulated with daily WBV loading (0.5 g, 45 Hz) with 1 hour/day for 8 weeks. This WBV loading protocol has also been proved effective for increasing bone mass and strength in osteoporotic animals.…”

Section: Animals and Study Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential skeletal response in adult and aged rats to independent and combinatorial stimulation with pulsed electromagnetic fields and mechanical vibration

et al. 2019

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Pulsed electromagnetic fields (PEMFs) and whole‐body vibration (WBV) are proved to partially preserve bone mass/strength in hindlimb‐unloaded and ovariectomized animals. However, the potential age‐dependent skeletal response to either PEMF or WBV has not been fully investigated. Moreover, whether the coupled “mechano‐electro‐magnetic” signals can induce greater osteogenic potential than single stimulation remains unknown. Herein, 5‐month‐old or 20‐month‐old rats were assigned to the Control, PEMF, WBV, and PEMF + WBV groups. After 8‐week treatment, single PEMF/WBV enhanced bone mass, strength, and anabolism in 5‐month‐old rats, but not in 20‐month‐old rats. PEMF + WBV induced greater increase of bone quantity, quality, and anabolism than single PEMF/WBV in young adult rats. PEMF + WBV also inhibited bone loss in elderly rats by primarily improving osteoblast and osteocyte activity, but had no effects on bone resorption. PEMF + WBV upregulated the expression of various canonical Wnt ligands and downstream molecules (p‐GSK‐3β and β‐catenin), but had no impacts on noncanonical Wnt5a expression in aged skeleton, revealing the potential involvement of canonical Wnt signaling in bone anabolism of PEMF + WBV. This study not only reveals much weaker responsiveness of aged skeleton to single PEMF/WBV relative to young adult skeleton, but also presents a novel noninvasive approach based on combinatorial treatment with PEMF + WBV for improving bone health and preserving bone quantity/quality (especially for age‐related osteoporosis) with stronger anabolic effects.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Animals and Study Designmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Differential skeletal response in adult and aged rats to independent and combinatorial stimulation with pulsed electromagnetic fields and mechanical vibration

et al. 2019

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“…The roles of the different Wnt ligands in bone homeostasis and bone diseases are not yet fully understood. There have been many clinical trials and experimental studies reporting that PEMFs modulate bone metabolism through the Wnt/β‐catenin pathway . However, few researchers have investigated the Wnt ligands involved in the process, except for Wnt1 and Wnt3a .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There have been many clinical trials and experimental studies reporting that PEMFs modulate bone metabolism through the Wnt/bcatenin pathway. (34)(35)(36)(37)(38)(39)(40)(41) However, few researchers have investigated the Wnt ligands involved in the process, except for Wnt1 and Wnt3a. (42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47) In the present study, we did not find increased expression of Wnt3a in the bone samples of rats and in vitro cultured osteoblasts treated by SEMFs, but found the significantly increased expression of Wnt10b.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Sinusoidal Electromagnetic Fields Increase Peak Bone Mass in Rats by Activating Wnt10b/β-Catenin in Primary Cilia of Osteoblasts

Zhou

Gao

Zhu

et al. 2019

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research

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Extremely low‐frequency electromagnetic fields have been considered a potential candidate for the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis; however, their action mechanism and optimal magnetic flux density (intensity) parameter are still elusive. The present study found that 50‐Hz sinusoidal electromagnetic fields (SEMFs) at 1.8 mT increased the peak bone mass of young rats by increasing bone formation. Gene array expression studies with femoral bone samples showed that SEMFs increased the expression levels of collagen‐1α1 and Wnt10b, a critical ligand of the osteogenic Wnt/β‐catenin pathway. Consistently, SEMFs promoted osteogenic differentiation and maturation of rat calvarial osteoblasts (ROBs) in vitro through activating the Wnt10b/β‐catenin pathway. This osteogenesis‐promoting effect of SEMFs via Wnt10b/β‐catenin signaling was found to depend on the functional integrity of primary cilia in osteoblasts. When the primary cilia were abrogated by small interfering RNA (siRNA) targeting IFT88, the ability of SEMFs to promote the osteogenic differentiation of ROBs through activating Wnt10b/β‐catenin signaling was blocked. Although the knockdown of Wnt10b expression with RNA interference had no effect on primary cilia, it significantly suppressed the promoting effect of SEMFs on osteoblastic differentiation/maturation. Wnt10b was normally localized at the bases of primary cilia, but it disappeared (or was released) from the cilia upon SEMF treatment. Interestingly, primary cilia were elongated to different degrees by different intensities of 50‐Hz SEMFs, with the window effect observed at 1.8 mT, and the expression level of Wnt10b increased in accord with the lengths of primary cilia. These results indicate that 50‐Hz 1.8‐mT SEMFs increase the peak bone mass of growing rats by promoting osteogenic differentiation/maturation of osteoblasts, which is mediated, at least in part, by Wnt10b at the primary cilia and the subsequent activation of Wnt/β‐catenin signaling. © 2019 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research.

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Comprehensive Overview of Interface Strategies in Implant Osseointegration

Lu,

Zhao,

Peng

et al. 2024

Adv Funct Materials

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With the improvement of implant design and the expansion of application scenarios, orthopedic implants have become a common surgical option for treating fractures and end‐stage osteoarthritis. Their common goal is rapidly forming and long‐term stable osseointegration. However, this fixation effect is limited by implant surface characteristics and peri‐implant bone tissue activity. Therefore, this review summarizes the strategies of interface engineering (osteogenic peptides, growth factors, and metal ions) and treatment methods (porous nanotubes, hydrogel embedding, and other load‐release systems) through research on its biological mechanism, paving the way to achieve the adaptation of both and coordination between different strategies. With the transition of the osseointegration stage, interface engineering strategies have demonstrated varying therapeutic effects. Especially, the activity of osteoblasts runs almost through the entire process of osseointegration, and their physiological activities play a dominant role in bone formation. Furthermore, diseases impacting bone metabolism exacerbate the difficulty of achieving osseointegration. This review aims to assist future research on osseointegration engineering strategies to improve implant‐bone fixation, promote fracture healing, and enhance post‐implantation recovery.

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Pulsed electromagnetic fields preserve bone architecture and mechanical properties and stimulate porous implant osseointegration by promoting bone anabolism in type 1 diabetic rabbits

Cited by 40 publications

References 56 publications

Differential skeletal response in adult and aged rats to independent and combinatorial stimulation with pulsed electromagnetic fields and mechanical vibration

Differential skeletal response in adult and aged rats to independent and combinatorial stimulation with pulsed electromagnetic fields and mechanical vibration

Sinusoidal Electromagnetic Fields Increase Peak Bone Mass in Rats by Activating Wnt10b/β-Catenin in Primary Cilia of Osteoblasts

Comprehensive Overview of Interface Strategies in Implant Osseointegration

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