Pulsed exposure of the macrophyte Lemna minor to herbicides and the mayfly Neocloeon triangulifer to diamide insecticides

Sanford, Maria; Washuck, Nicole; Carr, Katherine H.; Rs, Prosser

doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128582

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…10,14−22 Moreover, recent comparisons have shown that laboratory chronic toxicity tests with this species generate effect levels for metals that mirror those produced in more environmentally realistic mesocosm experiments. 7,21 Aside from chemicals specifically formulated to target insects, 18,19,23 little work has been published on the effects of organic contaminants on N. triangulifer. 24 Recently, per-and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been the focus of much attention in the scientific and regulatory communities and in public media, 25 and the literature available on effects of PFAS on aquatic species thus far suggests that insects may be particularly sensitive to some of these compounds.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Until the past decade, relatively few laboratory-based studies of contaminant effects had been conducted with mayflies, in part because of the difficulty of culturing most species . However, the parthenogenetic species Neocloeon triangulifer has been shown to be adaptable to laboratory culture and toxicology experimentation − and has proven to be sensitive to metals, major ions, and neonicotinoid insecticides. ,− Moreover, recent comparisons have shown that laboratory chronic toxicity tests with this species generate effect levels for metals that mirror those produced in more environmentally realistic mesocosm experiments. , Aside from chemicals specifically formulated to target insects, ,, little work has been published on the effects of organic contaminants on N. triangulifer …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Perfluorooctanesulfonate Adversely Affects a Mayfly (Neocloeon triangulifer) at Environmentally Realistic Concentrations

Soucek

Dorman

Pulster

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett.

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Of the emerging contaminant types thought to threaten freshwater biota, per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances appear to be particularly widespread, and limited studies conducted with these compounds thus far indicate insects may be particularly sensitive to them. This study investigated the short- and long-term effects of two commonly detected compounds on the laboratory-reared mayfly Neocloeon triangulifer in water only exposures. In acute tests, the mayfly was approximately 85-fold more sensitive to perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS) and 7-fold more sensitive to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) than the next most sensitive species reported in the literature. In 14 day and full-life chronic PFOS toxicity tests, the lowest 10% effect concentration was 0.272 μg of PFOS/L, which is lower than any previous reports to the best of our knowledge, but consistent in demonstrating the sensitivity of insects to this compound. Conversely, N. triangulifer was not particularly chronically sensitive to PFOA. This study demonstrates the risks of environmentally relevant concentrations of PFOS to a freshwater insect and suggests that investigation of the toxicity of more compounds with different carbon-chain lengths and functional groups to freshwater insects is needed.

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Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perfluorooctanesulfonate Adversely Affects a Mayfly (Neocloeon triangulifer) at Environmentally Realistic Concentrations

Soucek

Dorman

Pulster

et al. 2023

Environ. Sci. Technol. Lett.

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“…To confirm the toxic effect of a substance for regulatory purposes, it is recommended that an evaluation be carried out of with at least three species that represent the aquatic ecosystem, and they should ideally come from different trophic levels of the food chain [11,63]. However, many studies are not done for a regulatory purpose, and some evaluated the toxicity of one or more pesticides towards only one species [31,40,41,47,48]. Very few studies, however, are conducted with species that are representatives of the Brazilian ecosystems.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Relationship between Pesticide Standards for Classification of Water Bodies and Ecotoxicity: A Case Study of the Brazilian Directive

Araújo

Caldas

Oliveira-Filho

2022

Toxics

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The objective of this study was to evaluate if the maximum values (MVs) for pesticides in surface freshwater included in CONAMA directive 357/2005 are safe for aquatic biota, comparing them with ecotoxicology data published in the literature. The terms “aquatic toxicity”, “chronic” “acute”, “LC50”, “EC50”, “NOEL”, “NOEC” and the name of each pesticide were used for searches on the reseArch. platforms. Data from 534 tests reported in 37 published articles and three ecotoxicological databases were included in this study; 24% of the tests were carried out with producer organisms, 34% with primary consumers and 42% with secondary consumers. Microcrustaceans of the Daphnia genus and the fishes Pimephales promelas and Oncorhynchus mykiss were the organisms most used. Atrazine, alachlor and metolachlor were the most investigated pesticides. Atrazine and alachlor are approved in Brazil, with atrazine ranking fourth among the most used pesticides in the country. The results indicated that of the 27 pesticides included in the standard directive, 17 have a risk quotient (RQ) higher than the level of concern for at least one ecotoxicological parameter and may not protect the aquatic biota. The insecticide malathion, used in various agricultural crops in Brazil, was the one that presented the highest RQs (3125 and 3,125,000 for freshwaters classified as 1/2 and 3, respectively), related to a LC50 (96 h) of 0.000032 µg/L in Chironomus ramosus. The results indicate that CONAMA directive 357/2005 should be updated in line with the current use of pesticides in the country, and the MVs should be re-evaluated so that they do not represent toxicity for the aquatic biota.

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“…This was the maximum number of samples which could be accurately assessed in each 24-h window of the 7-day test period. The number of organisms within each replicate was reduced to three, which is lower than other Neocloeon triangulifer toxicity testing protocols (Besser et al, 2021;Sanford et al, 2021;Soucek et al, 2018) but higher than others (i.e., two mayflies per replicate; Raby et al, 2018aRaby et al, , 2018b. These adjustments, though required to ensure the successful completion of the present study, led to a reduction in statistical power with a potentially heightened risk of Type 1 and Type 2 errors.…”

Section: Dietary Exposure Toxicity Testsmentioning

confidence: 97%

An Assessment of the Toxicity of Pesticide Mixtures in Periphyton from Agricultural Streams to the Mayfly Neocloeon triangulifer

Ijzerman,

Raby,

Izma

et al. 2023

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Residual concentrations of pesticides are commonly found outside the intended area of application in Ontario's surface waters. Periphyton are a vital dietary component for grazing organisms in aquatic ecosystems but can also accumulate substantial levels of pesticides from the surrounding water. Consequently, grazing aquatic organisms are likely subjected to pesticide exposure through the consumption of pesticide‐contaminated periphyton. The objectives of the present study were to determine if pesticides partition into periphyton in riverine environments across southern Ontario and, if so, to determine the toxicity of pesticides in periphyton when fed to the grazing mayfly Neocloeon triangulifer. Sites with low, medium, and high pesticide exposure based on historic water quality monitoring data were selected to incorporate a pesticide exposure gradient into the study design. Artificial substrate samplers were utilized to colonize periphyton in situ, which were then analyzed for the presence of approximately 500 pesticides. The results demonstrate that periphyton are capable of accumulating pesticides in agricultural streams. A novel 7‐day toxicity test method was created to investigate the effects of pesticides partitioned into periphyton when fed to N. triangulifer. Periphyton collected from the field sites were fed to N. triangulifer and survival and biomass production recorded. Survival and biomass production significantly decreased when fed periphyton colonized in streams with catchments dominated by agricultural land use (p < 0.05). However, the relationship between pesticide concentration and survival or biomass production was not consistent. Using field‐colonized periphyton allowed us to assess the dietary toxicity of environmentally relevant concentrations of pesticide mixtures; however, nutrition and taxonomic composition of the periphyton may vary between sites. Environ Toxicol Chem 2023;00:1–15. © 2023 The Authors. Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of SETAC.

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Pulsed exposure of the macrophyte Lemna minor to herbicides and the mayfly Neocloeon triangulifer to diamide insecticides

Cited by 7 publications

References 32 publications

Perfluorooctanesulfonate Adversely Affects a Mayfly (Neocloeon triangulifer) at Environmentally Realistic Concentrations

Perfluorooctanesulfonate Adversely Affects a Mayfly (Neocloeon triangulifer) at Environmentally Realistic Concentrations

Relationship between Pesticide Standards for Classification of Water Bodies and Ecotoxicity: A Case Study of the Brazilian Directive

An Assessment of the Toxicity of Pesticide Mixtures in Periphyton from Agricultural Streams to the Mayfly Neocloeon triangulifer

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