Herein, eco-friendly
iron titanate nanoparticles, FeTiO
3
(FT), derived from
natural resources (like ilmenite sand) were coated
onto cotton fabrics (CF) to develop smart textile with enhanced UV-shielding
property. The FT nanoparticles were dispersed in a polyurethane (PU)
matrix, and the resulting nanocomposite was coated on CF. In addition,
few sandwich architectures were designed by rationally stacking CF
coated with PU and FT nanoparticles. The resulting sandwich structures
blocked UV rays mainly by absorption. FT nanoparticles were comprehensively
characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy,
transmission electron microscopy, UV–vis, vibrating sample
magnetometer, and thermogravimetric analysis. FT was suitably surface-functionalized
to enhance the quality of dispersion in PU, thereby facilitating effective
coating on CF. The latter was systematically evaluated by microscopic
and spectroscopic techniques. In addition, flammability of the coated
CF was evaluated and the char was assessed to gain insight into the
fire-retardant properties. Interestingly, CF coated with FT exhibited
a strong UV-shielding ability in sharp contrast to CF coated with
PU. Further, the sandwich architecture consisting of CF with FT and
PU resulted in an increase in the ultraviolet-protecting factor value
to >50 compared to only PU-coated CF. Our results indicate that
the
sandwich structure holds excellent promise in the quest of designing
smart textiles with enhanced UV shielding.