“…It is known, however, that structural relaxation or crystallization occurs in metallic glass when heated as it becomes more brittle, which makes welding extremely difficult. By contrast, a succession of alloys with markedly improved glass-forming capabilities have recently been developed, the difficulties of welding have been reduced and there have been reports of successful welding by such techniques as friction pressure welding 1 -4 , laser welding 5,6 and electron beam welding 7 -9 . Like fusion welding, all of these have a characteristically rapid cooling rate and show no change in composition.…”