Pulsed Vincristine Therapy in Steroid-Resistant Nephrotic Syndrome

Abstract

Steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS) poses a therapeutic challenge for the paediatric nephrologist. As relentless progression to renal failure occurs with continued proteinuria, such patients will be treated with different cytotoxic medications with variable success rates and side-effects. We present here our findings on administering the anticancer drug vincristine for SRNS patients at a single centre in Sri Lanka. Methods. Between 2002 and 2007, fifty-four children presenting with steroid and cyclophosphamide resistance were treated with vincristine at 1.5 mg/m2 in weekly intravenous pulses for 8 weeks along with a tapering steroid regimen of 6 months. All patients were closely followed up for 5 years. Results. Of the 54 patients 39 were males and 15 were females (age range 3.5–11.6 years, median 6.1 years). At the end of the treatment course, 21 patients achieved complete remission while 7 had partial remission and no response was seen in 26 patients. Sustained remission at 6, 12, 24, and 60 months were 15 (27.78%), 11 (20.37%), 9 (16.67%), and 7 (12.96%), respectively. Most side-effects observed were reversible and no serious side-effects were noted during vincristine therapy. Conclusion. Although its therapeutic mechanisms in nephrotic syndrome are still not elucidated, vincristine appears to be a potent alternative that could be considered for treating SRNS.

Cholinesterase is a Potential Biomarker with High Accuracy for the Nephrotic Syndrome Diagnosis in Minors

“…2 Corticosteroid therapy is the main treatment approach for primary nephrotic syndrome (PNS), and approximately 80-90% of children with PNS achieve remission with initial corticosteroid therapy. 3 There is a favorable prognosis for children with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome (SSNS); however, around 80% of SSNS patients relapse after the first treatment regimen of corticosteroids. 4 Therefore, approximately 10% of the cases of NS in children do not respond to corticosteroid therapy and are classified as steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS).…”