Pulverfiguren des magnetisierten Nickelkristalls

Ferromagnetism: magnetization curves

“…It is evident that, at the time of Elmore's writing, no satisfying interpretation had been given of any of the observed powder patterns in terms of a magnetic domain structure proper, although the patterns were generally accepted as giving some kind of qualitative evidence for such a structure. Quantitatively relevant material was, however, available in the powder pattern photographs obtained by Kaya (1934a, b) for iron, and by Kaya and Sekiya (1935) for nickel, as well as in earlier photographs by Bitter and others, though its significance was not appreciated till later. T h e occurrence on iron of three or four distinct types of pattern, as found by Kaya, was confirmed by Sixtus (1937a), but only bare reference to this work can be made here, as also to the magnetic powder experiments of Snoek(1936) and Snoek and Louwerse (1937) on rolled nickel-iron.…”

Geleneksel Yazmacılık ve Hürriyet Yazmalar

“…7 Aynı motiflerin basıldığı yazmaların zemin renginden dolayı karakalem ve hürriyet olarak farklı isimlendirilmesi ise oldukça ilgi çekicidir. Bu durumda "hürriyet" kelimesi ile yazmanın siyah zemin rengi arasında bir bağlantı aranabilir (Fotoğraf 8,9,10,11). Siyah renk Mısır'da gecenin, matemin, sefaletin sembolüdür.…”

“…10 Bu yazma çeşidinin neden "hürriyet" olarak adlandırıldığı ise net değildir. Hürriyet kelimesinin karşılığı sözlükte özgürlük olarak verilmiştir 11.…”