Pump eflciency of lymphatic vessels: numeric estimation

Abstract

A model of lymph flow in the human lymphatic system in the quasi-one-dimensional approach has been created and investigated under different conditions. The model includes an implementation of contractions and valve influence on lymph flow. We consider contractions of lymphatic vessels and their influence on resulting flow in the whole network of lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes. We have investigated flow with zero pressure gradient and have found parameters, which influence the efficiency of contractions most significantly.

Mathematical Modelling of the Structure and Function of the Lymphatic System

“…The increase in amplitude and frequency of phase contractions is shown to increase the output flux. Also, the elasticity and contractions of lymph nodes have a considerable effect on the output flux [63]. Therefore, the lymph nodes affect the transport function of the LS, and it is consistent with physiological observations [32].…”

“…The same is true for increased amplitude. These results are extended in [63], where lymph flow is considered in a detailed graph of the LS (Figure 5c).…”

“…Flow in the vessels is described by the quasi-one-dimensional equations including valve and active contraction influence, and the conditions of pressure equilibrium and mass conservation are imposed in the bifurcation points. The model of active pumping in this graph and its influence on the total flow are investigated without the influence of gravity force [63] and with influence of gravity force [61]. The increase in amplitude and frequency of phase contractions is shown to increase the output flux.…”

Blood Clotting Decreases Pulmonary Circulation during the Coronavirus Disease

“…Quasi-one-dimensional approximation is widely used in modeling the blood flow in complex systems of vessels [8,[22][23][24]. The model consists of the following equations [23,24]:…”

Simulation of lymph flow with consideration of natural gravity force influence

“…The positive value of flux can be got by alerting parameters of the vessel. Results of calculations with different parameters of the vessel and increasing efficiency of the "muscle" pump [15] are shown in table 2. By changing parameters of the vessel it is possible to get positive flux with g = 1000 cm/s 2 (table 2, No 6-8, 11-16).…”