“…Partly in response to the tragically high incidence of female-directed violence in intimate relationships and the devastating negative physical and psychological consequences of these behaviors, a large literature has been dedicated to investigation of risk factors and predictors associated with men's violence against intimate partners. Previous research has identified several proximate predictors of men's partner-directed violence, such as family history of aggression (Busby, Holman, & Walker, 2008;Riggs & O'Leary, 1996) and cultural influences (e.g., Archer, 2006a;Gage & Hutchinson, 2006), as well as ultimate or evolutionary predictors of such costly behaviors, notably male sexual jealousy as a solution to the adaptive problem of paternity uncertainty (e.g., Goetz, Shackelford, Romero, Kaighobadi, & Miner, 2008;Shackelford, Goetz, Buss, Euler, & Hoier, 2005).…”