Pupillary Response to Auditory Stimuli in Depressive State

Abstract

Background: Previous reports indicate that depressed individuals have worse memory for negative information than other types of information. They tend to ruminate upon negative information with high sensitivity. Depressive subjects also tend to display greater sustained pupil dilation in response to negative information.

Pupillary Light Reflex is Altered in Adolescent Depression

“…In adult age, the findings of pupillary responses in patients suffering from major depression are controversial. While previous studies revealed no significant differences in pupil diameter in depressive patients (Sokolski et al 2000, Bär et al 2004, recent studies demonstrated smaller pupillary responses in lessmotivated and anxious depressed participants (Jones et al 2015), larger pupil area at the peak of constriction during pupillary light reflex in depressive patients (Wang et al 2014) or positive correlation between pupil diameter stimulated by emotional sound and depressive score (Oguro et al 2016). However, the childhood and adolescence could represent a specific vulnerable developmental period to pupillary light reflex parameters (Daluwatte et al 2012) and potential depression-induced abnormal central autonomic control due to brain maturational changes (Yang et al 2007, Thayer et al 2009.…”