Pure fetal blood from the umbilical cord obtained at fetoscopy: Experience with 125 consecutive cases

Mackenzie, I. Z.; MacLean, David

doi:10.1016/s0002-9378(16)32794-6

Cited by 33 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Blood sam ples of 1.0 ml were withdrawn from an umbilical artery and the umbilical vein under direct vision without physical manipulation or disturbance of the fetus as previously described [17], Samples were confirmed to be of fetal origin using the Klcihauer staining tech nique and of correct designation, artery or vein, by blood gas analysis [18]. Simultaneous maternal antecubital venous blood samples were also collected.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Hormones in the Human Fetus and Mother at 18–21 Weeks of Gestation

Adrian

Soltész²,

Mackenzie³

et al. 1995

Neonatology

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Several gastrointestinal hormones appear to play an important developmental role in the newborn, particularly in preterm neonates. Although the cells producing these peptides develop towards the end of the first trimester, fetal secretion of these regulatory peptides has not hitherto been demonstrated. Using samples collected by fetoscopy at 19–21 weeks of gestation we have measured concentrations of several gastrointestinal and pancreatic hormones. Maternal venous and amniotic fluid hormone concentrations were measured simultaneously. Concentrations of the pancreatic hormones, insulin, glucagon and pancreatic polypeptide (PP) were similar in fetal and maternal blood. Gastrin and motilin were present in the fetal circulation but at about 30% (p < 0.05) and 60% (p < 0.01) of the maternal levels, respectively. In contrast, enteroglucagon concentrations were more than twofold higher in the fetal circulation compared with maternal levels (p < 0.05). Concentrations of gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP) in fetal blood were higher than levels in maternal blood but not significantly. Concentrations of GIP (p < 0.001) were higher in the amniotic fluid than the fetal circulation. Gastrin and glucagon levels were similar in amniotic fluid and fetal blood. In contrast, PP and motilin were present in amniotic fluid, but at lower concentrations than in fetal blood. Enteroglucagon was not detectable in amniotic fluid. In conclusion, several alimentary hormones are secreted in the fetus at midterm. Since these peptides have trophic, secretory and motor effects on the gut, it is likely that these regulatory peptides are involved in the functional development of the fetal intestine.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Hormones in the Human Fetus and Mother at 18–21 Weeks of Gestation

Adrian

Soltész²,

Mackenzie³

et al. 1995

Neonatology

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“…The optimal time for ana tomic examination of the fetus is 15-18 weeks, as the amniotic fluid is usually clear and the with a 3-mm long 26-gauge tip which is passed down the side arm of the fetoscope cannula ( fig. 2) MacKenzie and MacLean, 1980]. With drawal of the needle results in minimal bleeding which stops within a few seconds probably because of the support given by W harton's jelly and the firmly adherent am nion surrounding the cord vessels.…”

Section: Fetoscopic Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fetal Tissue Biopsy: Techniques and Indications

Rodeck¹,

Nicolaides²

1986

Fetal Diagn Ther

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“…Transabdominal fetoscopy was performed on 13 patients before termination of pregnancy at 11-13 weeks' gestation by using a 3·3 4·5 mm diameter fetoscope introduced transabdominally and a 22-gauge aspiration needle which was passed through the side channel of the endoscope (Mackenzie and Maclean, 1980). They reported three cases of profuse bleeding from the puncture site in the umbilical cord.…”

Section: Transabdominal Intra-amniotic Fetoscopymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The technique of fetoscopy has evolved through many stages of development over the last 30 years (Westin, 1954;Cullen et al, 1990;Ghirardini, 1991;Dumez et al, 1992;Quintero et al, 1993;Reece et al, 1995;Mackenzie and Maclean, 1980;Pennehouat et al, 1992;Hobbins et al, 1994;Ginsberg et al, 1994;Ville et al, 1996). The recent development of ultrasound examination of the fetus in the first trimester of pregnancy may have opened a new future for embryo-fetoscopy.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%