With the development of digital information technology and big data technology, the medical industry has also undergone tremendous changes. Traditional medical treatment mainly relies on the technical experience of the attending doctor for treatment, and there is no sophisticated instrument or scienti c analysis system to assist in treatment. With the improvement of people's living standards, people's attention to teeth has increased signi cantly. Traditional orthodontics is based on the subjective judgment of orthodontists and manual treatment. Due to the di erences in the experience of orthodontists, the traditional orthodontic e ect is often very poor. Using digital information and big data technology to carry out quantitative diagnosis and treatment analysis of teeth, 3D modeling, and simulation of prosthesis, personalized treatment of the prosthesis model, and nally applied to orthodontics, digital-based orthodontics make the orthodontic diagnosis and treatment process evidence-based, safer, and more e ective. is article compares orthodontics and traditional oral orthodontics based on the mathematical model, to analyze the comfort of orthodontics, the aesthetics of orthodontics, the matching degree of aligners, and the stability of the environment in the periodontal ligament. It is concluded that the average orthodontic comfort based on the mathematical model is 85.6%, and the average aesthetic degree is 64.0%, which are more than 20% better than traditional orthodontics. It is also superior to traditional orthodontics in terms of the degree of matching of the appliance and the stability of the environment in the periodontal ligament. erefore, the combination of mathematical models and orthodontics can lead to better orthodontic results.