Pure peroneal intraneural ganglion cyst ascending along the sciatic nerve

Abstract

Peroneal nerve entrapment is most commonly seen in the popliteal fossa. It is rarely caused by a ganglion. Intraneural ganglia, although uncommon and seldom cause serious complications, are well recognized and most commonly affect the common peroneal (lateral popliteal) nerve. Ganglionic cysts developing in the sheath of a peripheral nerve or joint capsule may cause compression neuropathy. The differential diagnosis should involve L5 root lesions, posttraumatic intraneural hemorrhage, nerve compression near the tendinous arch located at the fibular insertion of the peroneal longus muscle and nerve-sheath tumors. We present a unique case of a pure intraneural ganglion of the common peroneal nerve ascending along the sciatic nerve. This case underscores the importance of consideration of an intraneural ganglion cyst with sciatic nerve involvement.

Manual therapy and neurodynamic mobilization in a patient with peroneal nerve paralysis: a case report

“…Leg pain, sensory loss, and weakness in ankle dorsiflexion comprise a symptom complex that is most frequently caused by degenerative disk disease of the lumbar spine. 1 The condition involves the muscles of foot dorsiflexion (tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, and extensor digitorum longus) and the nerves that supply them, primarily the common peroneal nerve. Common causes of drop foot include compartment syndrome, diabetes, stroke, lumbar disk protrusions, musculoskeletal compression, myopathies, neuropathies, and peripheral nerve injuries [2][3][4] and corresponding steppage gaitalso known as drop-foot gait.…”

Common Peroneal Nerve Palsy Secondary to a Proximal Tibiofibular Joint “Ganglion Cyst”—A Case Report and Review of Literature

“…Although rarely documented, intraneural ganglions located within the substance of nerves may cause direct nerve compression. This direct compression is usually acute with sudden-onset foot drop [5]. Tehli described an intraneural cyst ascending along the sciatic nerve [5].…”

“…The SPN innervates the peroneus longus and peroneus brevis muscles. The DPN supplies the muscles of the anterior compartment of the leg [5]. Together these muscles are responsible for the dorsiflexion of the ankle and extension of the toes.…”

“…After descending along the lateral side of the popliteal fossa, the common peroneal nerve (CPN) winds round the head of the fibula and divides into the superficial peroneal nerve (SPN) and the deep peroneal nerve (DPN) [5]. The SPN innervates the peroneus longus and peroneus brevis muscles.…”

“…The common peroneal nerve is derived from the dorsal branches of L4, L5, S1 and S2 roots [5]. After descending along the lateral side of the popliteal fossa, the common peroneal nerve (CPN) winds round the head of the fibula and divides into the superficial peroneal nerve (SPN) and the deep peroneal nerve (DPN) [5].…”