We propose a review of recent developments on entanglement and non-classical
effects in collective two-atom systems and present a uniform physical picture
of the many predicted phenomena. The collective effects have brought into sharp
focus some of the most basic features of quantum theory, such as nonclassical
states of light and entangled states of multiatom systems. The entangled states
are linear superpositions of the internal states of the system which cannot be
separated into product states of the individual atoms. This property is
recognized as entirely quantum-mechanical effect and have played a crucial role
in many discussions of the nature of quantum measurements and, in particular,
in the developments of quantum communications. Much of the fundamental interest
in entangled states is connected with its practical application ranging from
quantum computation, information processing, cryptography, and interferometry
to atomic spectroscopy.Comment: Review articl