Purification and characterization of a novel excitatory peptide from Conus distans venom that defines a novel gene superfamily of conotoxins

Chen, Ping; Garrett, James E.; Watkins, Maren; Olivera, Baldomero M.

doi:10.1016/j.toxicon.2008.05.014

Cited by 18 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…The activity that caused excitatory effects on a majority of the DRG cells eluted extremely late (fraction 38), as shown in Figure 4A, suggesting the highly hydrophobic nature of the active component. Compared to control mice, the main behavioral phenotype elicited by the pool fraction, the fraction 38 and the subfraction 38.6 in mice was hypersensitivity to stimuli like touch [12].…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the First Conotoxin from Conus ateralbus, a Vermivorous Cone Snail from the Cabo Verde Archipelago

et al. 2019

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Conus ateralbus is a cone snail endemic to the west side of the island of Sal, in the Cabo Verde Archipelago off West Africa. We describe the isolation and characterization of the first bioactive peptide from the venom of this species. This 30AA venom peptide is named conotoxin AtVIA (δ-conotoxin-like). An excitatory activity was manifested by the peptide on a majority of mouse lumbar dorsal root ganglion neurons. An analog of AtVIA with conservative changes on three amino acid residues at the C-terminal region was synthesized and this analog produced an identical effect on the mouse neurons. AtVIA has homology with δ-conotoxins from other worm-hunters, which include conserved sequence elements that are shared with δ-conotoxins from fish-hunting Conus. In contrast, there is no comparable sequence similarity with δ-conotoxins from the venoms of molluscivorous Conus species. A rationale for the potential presence of δ-conotoxins, that are potent in vertebrate systems in two different lineages of worm-hunting cone snails, is discussed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization of the First Conotoxin from Conus ateralbus, a Vermivorous Cone Snail from the Cabo Verde Archipelago

et al. 2019

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“…Conservatively, classical conopeptide gene superfamily names are not assigned to these conopeptides mainly because these divergent peptides have only been observed in C. californicus . However, two more similar conopeptides were identified in C. distans (Chen et al 2008) and C. pulicarius (Lluisma et al 2012), and the identification of additional sequences in C. tribblei may indicate the need for a more consistent classification of these peptides.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Conopeptide Diversity in Conus tribblei Revealed Through Analysis of Venom Duct Transcriptome Using Two High-Throughput Sequencing Platforms

et al. 2014

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The venom of each species of Conus contains different kinds of pharmacologically-active peptides which are mostly unique to that species. Collectively, the ~500 – 700 species of Conus produce a large number of these peptides, perhaps exceeding 140,000 different types in total. To date, however, only a small fraction of this diversity has been characterized via transcriptome sequencing. In addition, the sampling of this chemical diversity has not been uniform across the different lineages in the genus. In this study, we used high-throughput transcriptome sequencing approach to further investigate the diversity of Conus venom peptides. We chose a species, Conus tribblei, as a representative of a poorly studied clade of Conus. Using the Roche 454 and Illumina platforms, we discovered 136 unique and novel putative conopeptides belonging to 30 known gene superfamilies and 6 new conopeptide groups, the greatest diversity so far observed from a transcriptome. Most of the identified peptides exhibited divergence from the known conopeptides and some contained cysteine frameworks observed for the first time in cone snails. In addition, several enzymes involved in post-translational modification of conopeptides and also some proteins involved in efficient delivery of the conopeptides to prey were identified as well. Interestingly, a number of conopeptides highly similar to the conopeptides identified in a phylogenetically distant species, the generalist feeder Conus californicus, were observed. The high diversity of conopeptides and the presence of conopeptides similar to those in C. californicus suggest that C. tribblei may have a broad range of prey preferences.

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“…13 “divergent” superfamilies, all from C. californicus , are currently listed in Conoserver [ 11 ]. The divergent-MSTLGMTLL group is the only “divergent” superfamily to have been identified in other species of Conus [ 52 , 167 ].…”

Section: “Divergent” Superfamilies— C Californicusmentioning

confidence: 99%

Conotoxin Gene Superfamilies

2014

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Conotoxins are the peptidic components of the venoms of marine cone snails (genus Conus). They are remarkably diverse in terms of structure and function. Unique potency and selectivity profiles for a range of neuronal targets have made several conotoxins valuable as research tools, drug leads and even therapeutics, and has resulted in a concerted and increasing drive to identify and characterise new conotoxins. Conotoxins are translated from mRNA as peptide precursors, and cDNA sequencing is now the primary method for identification of new conotoxin sequences. As a result, gene superfamily, a classification based on precursor signal peptide identity, has become the most convenient method of conotoxin classification. Here we review each of the described conotoxin gene superfamilies, with a focus on the structural and functional diversity present in each. This review is intended to serve as a practical guide to conotoxin superfamilies and to facilitate interpretation of the increasing number of conotoxin precursor sequences being identified by targeted-cDNA sequencing and more recently high-throughput transcriptome sequencing.

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Purification and characterization of a novel excitatory peptide from Conus distans venom that defines a novel gene superfamily of conotoxins

Cited by 18 publications

References 32 publications

Characterization of the First Conotoxin from Conus ateralbus, a Vermivorous Cone Snail from the Cabo Verde Archipelago

Characterization of the First Conotoxin from Conus ateralbus, a Vermivorous Cone Snail from the Cabo Verde Archipelago

High Conopeptide Diversity in Conus tribblei Revealed Through Analysis of Venom Duct Transcriptome Using Two High-Throughput Sequencing Platforms

Conotoxin Gene Superfamilies

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