Purification and characterization of an enzyme from a strain of<i>Ochrobactrum anthropi</i>that degrades condensation products of urea and formaldehyde (ureaform)

Jahns, T.M.; Schepp, Roswitha; Kaltwasser, Heinrich

doi:10.1139/m97-159

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Jahns and coworkers have isolated and identified two MUdegrading Gram-negative organisms in German soil: Ochrobactrum anthropi (Jahns et al 1997) and Ralstonia paucula (Jahns and Kaltwasser 2000). The MU-degrading organism isolated from a field soil in Sacramento Valley was identified as Agrobacterium tumefaciens, recently also known as Rhizobium radiobacter ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylene urea as a slow-release nitrogen source for processing tomatoes

Koivunen

Horwáth

2005

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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The potential for improved fertilizer N use efficiency was tested using a slow release N fertilizer, methylene urea (MU), on processing tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.) in a 2-year field study in the Sacramento Valley, California. Fertilizer N use efficiency of urea and a (50:50, w:w) mixture of urea and MU (uMU) was determined in direct-seeded and transplanted tomato plots with winter cover crop (CC) or winter fallow (F) using 15 N labeled fertilizers. Residual MU-N was estimated from tomato N uptake in the 15 N microplots, and from residual 15 N uptake of wheat grown after two tomato crops. No significant differences were found in the quantity and quality of tomato yields among fertilizer and management treatments during the first year. Total yields in transplanted FuMU plots were significantly lower in the second test year, suggesting slow mineralization of MU-N in the F treatment. On average, about 40% of added fertilizer N was taken up in both fertilizer treatments, and the recovery of 15 N in plant biomass and soil was 75-96 and 50-74% in seeded and transplanted blocks, respectively. In the laboratory, mineralization of MU started faster in soils with past MU use, but the enhanced mineralization did not affect the plant N uptake in the field. MU is potentially an environmentally attractive fertilizer, but without an immediate increase in yield and N use efficiency compared to conventional fertilizers, its use on row crops may not be economically feasible unless the positive environmental factors like decreased leaching of N are considered.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Methylene urea as a slow-release nitrogen source for processing tomatoes

Koivunen

Horwáth

2005

Nutr Cycl Agroecosyst

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“…The HSPI was hydrolyzed, yielding amino acids. The methylenediurea amidinohydrolase hydrolyzed urea-formaldehyde moleculars into ammonium, formaldehyde, and urea (Jahns et al 1997;Lugauskas et al 2003).…”

Section: The Degradation Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preparation and Degradation of Seedling Containers Made from Straw and Hydrolyzed Soy Protein Isolate Modified Urea-Formaldehyde Resins

Qu¹,

Huang²,

Wu³

et al. 2015

BioResources

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Straw powders were blended with hydrolyzed soy protein isolate (HSPI) modified urea-formaldehyde (UF) resins to produce biodegradable seedling containers. The tensile strength and the degradability of the seedling containers were characterized. Moreover, the degradation behavior of modified UF resins was investigated using 15 N isotopic tracing, dynamic mechanical analysis, 13 C CP/MAS NMR spectroscopy, and a scanning electron microscope-energy dispersive spectrometer. The results showed that the best tensile strength of the seedling containers made from HSPI-modified UF resins was improved by 6% compared with the seedling containers made from UF resins. The degradability of the seedling containers made from modified UF resins was improved 8.8 times more than that of unmodified UF resins. HSPI can lower the cross-linking degree of UF resins. The HSPI and ureaformaldehyde molecular chains in the resins were decomposed simultaneously in the soil. After degradation, nodular particles that appeared to be coalesced by small globular particles remained. In the process of degradation, modified UF resins can provide a nitrogen source for crops.

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“…Only a few species of bacteria are able to degrade methylene urea in soil. The bacterial species were isolated using traditional microbiological techniques, and almost all of them are potential plant and animal pathogenic bacteria, such as Ochrobactrum anthropi (Jahns et al 1997), Ralstonia paucula (Jahns et al 1999;Jahns and Kaltwasser 2000), and Agrobacterium tumefaciens (Koivunen and Horwarth 2004). These bacteria synthesize enzymes capable of hydrolyzing methylene urea to a form of N available to the plants.…”

Section: Microbial Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Nutrient Use Efficiency

McDonald

Bovill

Huang

et al. 2013

Genomics and Breeding for Climate-Resilient Crops

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Much of the recent gains in global crop production have been underpinned by greater use of fertilizer, especially nitrogen and phosphorus, and continued improvements in plant nutrition will be needed to meet the increasing demands for food and fiber from a growing world population. Climate change presents many challenges to improvements in nutrient use efficiency by its direct effects on the growth and yield of plants, and hence on nutrient demand, and by its influence on soil nutrient cycling, nutrient availability, and uptake. However, the consequences of climate change on plant nutrition are difficult to predict because of the complexity of the soil-plant-atmosphere system. Empirical data suggests that enhanced as well as reduced nutrient availability and uptake may occur as a result of climate change, depending on the nutrient in question and the component of the climate that changes. Notwithstanding the uncertainty of the effects of climate change on soil nutrient availability and plant nutrient uptake, improvements in nutrient use efficiency will be required to sustain productivity into the future.Over significant areas of the world's arable land, high inputs of nutrients have increased soil nutrient reserves and fertilizer use efficiency is low, while in other

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Purification and characterization of an enzyme from a strain ofOchrobactrum anthropithat degrades condensation products of urea and formaldehyde (ureaform)

Cited by 23 publications

References 28 publications

Methylene urea as a slow-release nitrogen source for processing tomatoes

Methylene urea as a slow-release nitrogen source for processing tomatoes

Preparation and Degradation of Seedling Containers Made from Straw and Hydrolyzed Soy Protein Isolate Modified Urea-Formaldehyde Resins

Nutrient Use Efficiency

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