Purification and Characterization of NAD Glycohydrolase from Rabbit Erythrocytes

Kim, Uh-Hyun; Kim, Mee Kyoung; Kim, Jong‐Suk; Han, Myung‐Kwan; Park, Byung‐Hyun; Kim, Hyung-Rho

doi:10.1006/abbi.1993.1404

Cited by 60 publications

(24 citation statements)

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“…This V max is 10 2 -to 10 4 -fold higher than the minor NADase activity reported in certain other bacterial ARTases (15,(39)(40)(41). It is also a higher activity than that reported for NADases purified from rabbit erythrocytes and Bungarus fasciatus venom, while lower than the activity of NADases purified from N. crassa and streptococci (12,25,35,58). Thus, the specific NADase activity of HvnA lies within a range reported for NADases and would be exceptionally high for the background NADase activity of an ARTase.…”

Section: Vol 183 2001mentioning

confidence: 59%

Vibrio fischeriGeneshvnAandhvnBEncode Secreted NAD⁺-Glycohydrolases

2001

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HvnA and HvnB are proteins secreted by Vibrio fischeri ES114, an extracellular light organ symbiont of the squid Euprymna scolopes, that catalyze the transfer of ADP-ribose from NAD ؉ to polyarginine. Based on this activity, HvnA and HvnB were presumptively designated mono-ADP-ribosyltransferases (ARTases), and it was hypothesized that they mediate bacterium-host signaling. We have cloned hvnA and hvnB from strain ES114. hvnA appears to be expressed as part of a four-gene operon, whereas hvnB is monocistronic. The predicted HvnA and HvnB amino acid sequences are 46% identical to one another and share 44% and 34% identity,

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Section: Vol 183 2001mentioning

confidence: 59%

Vibrio fischeriGeneshvnAandhvnBEncode Secreted NAD⁺-Glycohydrolases

2001

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“…A concentration of 1 M NAD, i.e., 1/1000 that inside cells and only ϳ10 times that in the extracellular fluid (22)(23)(24)(25), induces almost instantaneous death. Effects of ATP are concordant, but not as impressive, because concentrations of 300 M, i.e., 1/10th those inside cells, are required to induce effects comparable to those of NAD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High Sensitivity of CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells to Extracellular Metabolites Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide and ATP: A Role for P2X7 Receptors

Aswad

Kawamura

Dennert

2005

The Journal of Immunology

176

171

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Although regulatory lymphocytes play an important role in the immune system, the regulation of their functions is poorly understood and remains to be elucidated. In this study we demonstrate that micromolar concentrations of the common cell metabolite NAD induce death in murine forkhead/winged helix transcription factor gene-expressing CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells with high efficiency and within minutes. Similar, but less dramatic, effects are demonstrable with ATP and its nonhydrolysable derivative, benzoylbenzoyl-ATP. Other T cell subsets are more resistant, with CD8 cells being the least sensitive and CD4 cells expressing intermediate sensitivity. The higher sensitivity of CD4+CD25+ cells is demonstrable in vivo. Injection of NAD or benzoylbenzoyl-ATP causes preferential induction of a cell death signal in CD4+CD25+ cells. Transmission of the death signal requires functional P2X7 receptors, pointing to a role for these receptors in regulation and homeostasis of CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells. Consistent with this, P2X7R gene-deleted mice possess increased levels of forkhead/winged helix transcription factor gene-expressing CD4+CD25+ cells.

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“…The intracellular NAD ϩ concentration is in the range of 1 mM, whereas the plasma concentration is in the range of 0.1 M, below the Km of ARTs (5,23,24). It is speculated that high amounts of ecto-NAD ϩ can be released during tissue injury as a consequence of cell lysis.…”

Section: Ammalian Mono-adp-ribosyltransferases (Art)mentioning

confidence: 99%

NAD+ Released during Inflammation Participates in T Cell Homeostasis by Inducing ART2-Mediated Death of Naive T Cells In Vivo

Adriouch

Hubert

Pechberty

et al. 2007

The Journal of Immunology

136

153

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Mono ADP-ribosyltransferase 2 (ART2) is an ectoenzyme expressed on mouse T lymphocytes, which catalyze the transfer of ADP-ribose groups from NAD+ onto several target proteins. In vitro, ADP-ribosylation by ART2 activates the P2X7 ATP receptor and is responsible for NAD+-induced T cell death (NICD). Yet, the origin of extracellular NAD+ and the role of NICD in vivo remain elusive. In a model of acute inflammation induced by polyacrylamide beads, we demonstrate release of NAD+ into exudates during the early phase of the inflammatory response. This leads to T cell depletion in the draining lymph nodes from wild-type and, more severely, from mice lacking the CD38 NAD+ glycohydrolase, whereas no effect is observed in ART2-deficient animals. Intravenous injection of NAD+ used to exacerbate NICD in vivo results in fast and dramatic ART2- and P2X7-dependent depletion of CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, which can affect up to 80% of peripheral T cells in CD38−/− mice. This affects mainly naive T cells as most cells surviving in vivo NAD+ treatment exhibit the phenotype of recently activated/memory cells. Consistently, treatment with NAD+ abolishes primary Ab response to a T-dependent Ag in NICD-susceptible CD38−/− mice but has no effect on the secondary response when given several days after priming. Unexpectedly NAD+ treatment improves the response in their wild-type BALB/c counterparts. We propose that NAD+ released during early inflammation facilitates the expansion of primed T cells, through ART2-driven death of resting cells, thus contributing to the dynamic regulation of T cell homeostasis.

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Purification and Characterization of NAD Glycohydrolase from Rabbit Erythrocytes

Cited by 60 publications

References 0 publications

Vibrio fischeriGeneshvnAandhvnBEncode Secreted NAD⁺-Glycohydrolases

Vibrio fischeriGeneshvnAandhvnBEncode Secreted NAD⁺-Glycohydrolases

High Sensitivity of CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells to Extracellular Metabolites Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide and ATP: A Role for P2X7 Receptors

NAD+ Released during Inflammation Participates in T Cell Homeostasis by Inducing ART2-Mediated Death of Naive T Cells In Vivo

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Purification and Characterization of NAD Glycohydrolase from Rabbit Erythrocytes

Cited by 60 publications

References 0 publications

Vibrio fischeriGeneshvnAandhvnBEncode Secreted NAD+-Glycohydrolases

Vibrio fischeriGeneshvnAandhvnBEncode Secreted NAD+-Glycohydrolases

High Sensitivity of CD4+CD25+ Regulatory T Cells to Extracellular Metabolites Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide and ATP: A Role for P2X7 Receptors

NAD+ Released during Inflammation Participates in T Cell Homeostasis by Inducing ART2-Mediated Death of Naive T Cells In Vivo

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Vibrio fischeriGeneshvnAandhvnBEncode Secreted NAD⁺-Glycohydrolases

Vibrio fischeriGeneshvnAandhvnBEncode Secreted NAD⁺-Glycohydrolases