Purification and identification of a growth factor produced by Paramecium tetraurelia

Tanabe, Hiroyuki; Nishi, Nozomu; Takagi, Yoshiomi; Fumio, Wada; Akamatsu, Isao; Kaji, Koichi

doi:10.1016/0006-291x(90)92160-2

Cited by 24 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This mutant divides slowly in daily reisolation cultures but as rapidly as wild type ceils in mass cultures (Takagi et al, 1989). This characteristic provided a clue that led to the finding of Paramecium growth factor (ParGF) and a method for its biological assay (Tanabe et al, 1990). With this assay system (i.e., restoration of the fission rate of the jumyo mutant in daily reisolation cultures), ParGF or a functional homologue was found to be secreted from stocks of P. tetraurelia other than the jumyo mutant and from stocks of other Paramecium species (Takagi et al, 1993).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

A Substance Secreted from Tetrahymena and Mammalian Sera Act as Mitogens on Paramecium tetraurelia

1996

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We previously isolated and purified Paramecium growth factor (ParGF) from a cell-free fluid of an early stationary mass culture of Paramecium tetraurelia (Tanabe et al., 1990). The mitogenic activity of the purified ParGF and of the crude sample (ca. a 100-fold concentrate obtained by ultrafiltration of cell-free fluid) has been assessed based on restoration of the fission rate of the jumyo mutant of P. tetraurelia in daily reisolation cultures. With this assay system, we found that crude samples of Tetrahymena pyriformis and T. thermophila showed mitogenic activity. This suggests that Tetrahymena cells secrete a mitogenic factor(s) like ParGF. To some extent, fetal bovine serum (FBS) and calf serum (CS) also acted as mitogens on the jumyo mutant. Of nine mammalian growth factors assayed for their mitogenic effects on the jumyo mutant, epidermal growth factor (EGF) and transforming growth factor alpha (TGF alpha) were slightly and occasionally effective. These results support the idea of actual use of similar kind of growth factors to control cell divisions from protozoa to mammals.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

A Substance Secreted from Tetrahymena and Mammalian Sera Act as Mitogens on Paramecium tetraurelia

1996

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“…These proteinaceous cell-signaling molecules include many growth factors that are widely distributed among vertebrates, and probably also invertebrates (2). Similar growth factors have also recently been found in unicellular organisms such as ciliates (3)(4)(5)(6). In prokaryotic organisms, intercellular signaling usually involves small metabolites (e.g., N-acyl homoserine lactones) or peptides (7)(8)(9)(10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15)(16).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A bacterial cytokine

Mukamolova

Kaprelyants

Young

et al. 1998

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

405

376

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Viable cells of Micrococcus luteus secrete a factor, which promotes the resuscitation and growth of dormant, nongrowing cells of the same organism. The resuscitationpromoting factor (Rpf) is a protein, which has been purified to homogeneity. In picomolar concentrations, it increases the viable cell count of dormant M. luteus cultures at least 100-fold and can also stimulate the growth of viable cells. Rpf also stimulates the growth of several other high G؉C Gram-positive organisms, including Mycobacterium avium, Mycobacterium bovis (BCG), Mycobacterium kansasii, Mycobacterium smegmatis, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Similar genes are widely distributed among high G؉C Gram-positive bacteria; genome sequencing has uncovered examples in Mycobacterium leprae and Mb. tuberculosis and others have been detected by hybridization in Mb. smegmatis, Corynebacterium glutamicum, and Streptomyces spp. The mycobacterial gene products may provide different targets for the detection and control of these important pathogens. This report is thus a description of a proteinaceous autocrine or paracrine bacterial growth factor or cytokine.The essential role of cytokines in controlling the activation, growth, and proliferation of eukaryotic cells is now widely recognized (1). These proteinaceous cell-signaling molecules include many growth factors that are widely distributed among vertebrates, and probably also invertebrates (2). Similar growth factors have also recently been found in unicellular organisms such as ciliates (3-6). In prokaryotic organisms, intercellular signaling usually involves small metabolites (e.g., N-acyl homoserine lactones) or peptides (7-16). Although specific interactions have been documented between vertebrate cytokines and prokaryotes (17-20), there are no known examples of autocrine or paracrine growth factors produced by prokaryotic microorganisms.The number of observable microbial cells in a natural sample often exceeds the number that can be cultured therefrom by orders of magnitude (21-23). It is not known in general whether such nonculturable (and often noncultured) cells are dead, are killed by our media, or are in a dormant state from which we could, in principle, resuscitate them with appropriate growth factors (24). After growth to stationary phase and starvation in spent growth medium, cells of the nonsporulating, Gram-positive bacterium Micrococcus luteus can enter a dormant state in which they can persist for at least 7 months. Whereas exponentially growing cultures have a viability of Ϸ100%, as estimated by comparing colony forming units (cfu) on agar plates with the total cell count determined microscopically, such dormant cultures can exhibit a viability of less than 10 Ϫ4 (25). The viable count of this type of culture as measured by the Most Probable Number (MPN) method also corresponds to the number of cfu. However, in the presence of sterile (filtered) culture supernatant from the late logarithmic phase of batch growth, resuscitation occurs and the viable count by MPN increases ...

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“…There is extracellular secretion of the cell growth-promoting factor in a mutant of a ciliate (Takagi et al ., 1989;Tanabe et al ., 1990) like multicellular organisms of which cell growth is controlled by growth factors. The "cytokinesis-regulating factor" secreted by T. foetus seems similar to the substance promoting its own cell division found in the culture medium of a paramecium mutant.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytokinesis Arrest and Nuclear Fission in Low Density Populations of Trichomonad Protozoan

Hayashi¹,

Sakai²,

Minakuchi-Fujiwara³

et al. 2002

Zoological Science

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Purification and identification of a growth factor produced by Paramecium tetraurelia

Cited by 24 publications

References 17 publications

A Substance Secreted from Tetrahymena and Mammalian Sera Act as Mitogens on Paramecium tetraurelia

A Substance Secreted from Tetrahymena and Mammalian Sera Act as Mitogens on Paramecium tetraurelia

A bacterial cytokine

Cytokinesis Arrest and Nuclear Fission in Low Density Populations of Trichomonad Protozoan

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