Purification, characterization, and determination of biological activities of water-soluble polysaccharides from Mahonia bealei

Abstract

Mahonia bealei is one of the important members of the genus Mahonia and Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). Several compounds isolated from this plant have exhibited useful biological activities. Polysaccharides, an important biomacromolecule have been underexplored in case of M. bealei. In this study, hot water extraction and ethanol precipitation were used for the extraction of polysaccharides from the stem of M. bealei, and then extract was purified using ultrafiltration membrane at 50,000 Da cut off value. Characterization of the purified M. bealei polysaccharide (MBP) was performed using Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR), along with Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), X-ray crystallography XRD analysis and Thermal gravimetric analysis (TGA). The purified polysaccharide MBP was tested for antioxidant potential by determining its reducing power, besides determining the DPPH, ABTS, superoxide radical, and hydroxyl radical scavenging along with ferrous ion chelating activities. An increased antioxidant activity of the polysaccharide was reported with increase in concentration (0.5 to 5 mg/ml) for all the parameters. Antimicrobial potential was determined against gram positive and gram-negative bacteria. 20 µg/ml MBP was found appropriate with 12 h incubation period against Escherichia coli and Bacillus subtilis bacteria. We conclude that polysaccharides from M. bealei possess potential ability of biological importance; however, more studies are required for elucidation of their structure and useful activities.

Chemical Structure and Immune Activation of a Glucan From Rhizoma Acori Tatarinowii

“…The overlapping broad peaks around 5.31 ppm indicated the existence of branches in →4)-α-Glcp-(1→ residue. According to the literature (22), the main signal at δ 101.05 ppm was assigned to the C1 of →4)-α-Glcp-(1→ in 13 C NMR (Figure 4B).…”

“…An amount of 2 mg dry RATAPW was mixed with 50 mg chromatographic pure KBr. Agate pestle and mortar were used for grounding the sample, and it was further analyzed using the Fourier transform infrared spectrophotometer (BRUCK, Germany) after pressing in pellets ( 13 ). The measurement wavenumber region ranged from 400 cm –1 to 4,000 cm –1 .…”

“…A Bruker 600 MHz spectrometer equipped with a 1 H/ 13 C double probe was used for NMR analysis at 25 • C ( 18). An amount of 50 mg dried RATAPW was dissolved in 1 ml D 2 O and frozen three times to exchange H protons into deuterium completely.…”

“…The lyophilized sample was then dissolved in 0.5 ml D 2 O overnight before NMR analysis. 1 H NMR, 13 C NMR, 1 H-1 H COSY, HSQC, HMBC, and NOESY spectra of RATAPW were recorded.…”

A review on extraction, composition, structure, and biological activities of polysaccharides from different parts of Nelumbo nucifera

“…Several useful biological activities have been reported by macromolecules obtained from this plant. Previously we have summarized the extraction, structure, composition, and biological activities of different compounds from different plants (Kakar et al, 2019(Kakar et al, , 2022Kakar, Kakar, et al, 2020;Kakar, Naveed, et al, 2020). This review has been designed for summarizing the recent research conducted for the extraction of polysaccharides as well as their useful biological activities from different parts separately and an overview of the structure and composition of isolated polysaccharides has been provided.…”