Purification, characterization and exploitation of Azadirachta indica gum for the production of drug loaded nanocarrier

Samrot, Antony V.; Angalene, J. Lavanya Agnes; Roshini, S. M.; Stefi, S.M.; Preethi, R.; Raji, P.; A, Madan Kumar; Suresh, S.

doi:10.1088/2053-1591/ab8b16

Cited by 29 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…The sharp endothermic peak at 229.31 °C was found in a study of Nair et al; similarly, as described by the author elsewhere, in the case of TGP a sharp exothermic peak was evolved at 350 °C that shows its crystalline nature [ 52 ]. This study is also supported by Gaur et al, in which a sharp exothermic peak was found at 350 °C, which support its crystalline nature [ 62 ]. According to study of Malviya et al, a thermogram of NG–g–Am shows a single sharp exothermic peak at 249 °C.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Evaluation and Characterization of Tamarind Gum Polysaccharide: The Biopolymer

et al. 2021

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Polymers from natural sources are widely used as excipients in the formulation of pharmaceutical dosage forms. The objective of this study was to extract and further characterize the tamarind gum polysaccharide (TGP) obtained from Tamarindus indica as an excipient for biomedical applications. Double distilled water was used as a solvent for the extraction of gum while Ethyl alcohol was used as an antisolvent for the precipitation. The results of the Hausner ratio, Carr’s index and angle of repose were found to be 0.94, 6.25, and 0.14, respectively, which revealed that the powder is free-flowing with good flowability. The gum was investigated for purity by carrying out chemical tests for different phytochemical constituents and only carbohydrates were found to be present. The swelling index was found to be 87 ± 1%, which shows that TGP has good water intake capacity. The pH of the 1% gum solution was found to be neutral, approximately 6.70 ± 0.01. The ash values such as total ash, sulphated ash, acid insoluble ash, and water-soluble ash were found to be 14.00 ± 1.00%, 13.00 ± 0.05%, 14.04 ± 0.57% and 7.29 ± 0.06%, respectively. The IR spectra confirmed the presence of alcohol, amines, ketones, anhydrides groups. The contact angle was <90°, indicating favorable wetting and good spreading of liquid over the surface The scanning electron micrograph (SEM) revealed that the particle is spherical in shape and irregular. DSC analysis shows a sharp exothermic peak at 350 °C that shows its crystalline nature. The results of the evaluated properties showed that TGP has acceptable properties and can be used as a excipient to formulate dosage forms for biomedical applications.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 86%

Evaluation and Characterization of Tamarind Gum Polysaccharide: The Biopolymer

et al. 2021

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“…However, the scavenging effect of crude polysaccharide was not significant because of the huge difference in percentage scavenging compared to ascorbic acid (standard). Similar results were obtained by Samrot et al 11 who tested on Azadirachta indica gum, in which the extracted polysaccharide had scavenging activity significantly lower than the control. In contrast to the findings of this study, purified polysaccharide of Terminalia catappa L., A. heterophylla and P. chilensis showed significant antioxidant property as their percentage scavenging was comparable to the standard.…”

Section: Antioxidant Activitysupporting

confidence: 89%

“…GC analysis confirms the presence of xylose and D-allose (RT at 12.810 and 16 respectively). Samrot et al 11 reported these In another study, Samrot et al 26 found that purified polysaccharide of A. heterophylla and P. chilensis was able to inhibit swarming motility of Bacillus sp.…”

Section: Gas Chromatography (Gc) Analysismentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Polysaccharide extracted from Azadirachta indica gum can inhibit the growth of E. coli at a concentration of 20µg/ml. 11 In a study by Samrot et al 26 antibacterial activity against Bacillus sp. was found in purified polysaccharide of Araucaria heterophylla L. and Prosopis chilensis L., with their minimal inhibitory concentration reported as 8mg.…”

Section: Bioactivities Of Polysaccharides Antibacterial Activitymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Bioactivity and Plant Growth Stimulation Studies using Mangifera indica L. Gum

Samrot¹,

Jie²,

Abirami³

et al. 2021

J. Pure Appl. Microbiol.

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The potential of plant gum as a bioactive agent and plant growth enhancer has not been exploited well and plant gums are suitable for such purposes as they are non-toxic and biodegradable. Therefore, the aim of this study was to verify the potential of Mangifera indica (MI) gum as a bioactive agent and plant growth enhancer. Plant gum was collected from the bark of MI and polysaccharides were extracted, purified and characterized with ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopic, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy and gas chromatography (GC) analyses. Crude and purified polysaccharides were tested for their antibacterial and antioxidant activity. The crude gum was subjected to plant growth stimulation study like germination percentage, shoot length, root length and wet weight of chilli (Capsicum frutescens). The effect of MI gum on soil porosity and water holding capacity (WHC) was also tested. UV-Vis and GC analyses of gum polysaccharide showed the presence of several types of monosaccharides in MI gum. The plant gum did not show any antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas sp., Bacillus sp. and Staphylococcus aureus, but was found to exhibit low antioxidant activity. The gum was found to enhance the seed germination and seedling growth in-vitro and in-vivo.

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“…Polysaccharide-based nanoparticles and hydrogels were reported to release drugsefficiently. 8,[54][55][56][57]…”

Section: Drug Release Kineticsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extraction, Purification, and Characterization of Polysaccharides of Araucaria heterophylla L and Prosopis chilensis L and Utilization of Polysaccharides in Nanocarrier Synthesis

Samrot¹,

Kudaiyappan²,

Bisyarah³

et al. 2020

IJN

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Background: Plant gums consist of polysaccharides which can be used in the preparation of nanocarriers and provide a wide application in pharmaceutical applications including as drug delivery agents and the matrices for drug release. The objectives of the study were to collect plant gums from Araucaria heterophylla L and Prosopis chilensis L and to extract and characterize their polysaccharides. Then to utilize these plant gum-derived polysaccharides for the formulation of nanocarriers to use for drug loading and to examine their purpose in drug delivery in vitro. Methods: Plant gum was collected, polysaccharide was extracted, purified, characterized using UV-Vis, FTIR, TGA and GCMS and subjected to various bioactive studies. The purified polysaccharide was used for making curcumin-loaded nanocarriers using STMP (sodium trimetaphosphate). Bioactivities were performed on the crude, purified and drugloaded nanocarriers. These polysaccharide-based nanocarriers were characterized using UV-Vis spectrophotometer, FTIR, SEM, and AFM. Drug release kinetics were performed for the drug-loaded nanocarriers. Results: The presence of glucose, xylose and sucrose was studied from the UV-Vis and GCMS analysis. Purified polysaccharides of both the plants showed antioxidant activity and also antibacterial activity against Bacillus sp. Purified polysaccharides were used for nanocarrier synthesis, where the size and shape of the nanocarriers were studied using SEM analysis and AFM analysis. The size of the drug-loaded nanocarriers was found to be around 200 nm. The curcumin-loaded nanocarriers were releasing curcumin slow and steady. Conclusion: The extracted pure polysaccharide of A. heterophylla and P. chilensis acted as good antioxidants and showed antibacterial activity against Bacillus sp. These polysaccharides were fabricated into curcumin-loaded nanocarriers whose size was below 200 nm. Both the drug-loaded nanocarriers synthesized using A. heterophylla and P. chilensis showed antibacterial activity with a steady drug release profile. Hence, these natural exudates can serve as biodegradable nanocarriers in drug delivery.

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Purification, characterization and exploitation of Azadirachta indica gum for the production of drug loaded nanocarrier

Cited by 29 publications

References 29 publications

Evaluation and Characterization of Tamarind Gum Polysaccharide: The Biopolymer

Evaluation and Characterization of Tamarind Gum Polysaccharide: The Biopolymer

Bioactivity and Plant Growth Stimulation Studies using Mangifera indica L. Gum

<p>Extraction, Purification, and Characterization of Polysaccharides of <em>Araucaria heterophylla</em> L and <em>Prosopis chilensis</em> L and Utilization of Polysaccharides in Nanocarrier Synthesis</p>

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