Purification of flowback fluids after hydraulic fracturing of Polish gas shales by hybrid methods

Abramowska, Anna; Gajda, Dorota; Kiegiel, Katarzyna; Miśkiewicz, Agnieszka; Drzewicz, Przemysław; Zakrzewska-Kołtuniewicz, Grażyna

doi:10.1080/01496395.2017.1344710

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Similarly, the shallow groundwater samples are also characterized by high TDS (6.8 to 15.1 g/L), are weakly alkaline (7.23 to 8.08), and are dominant in Cl − (or Cl − and SO 4 2− ) and Na + . Because the TDS of HFFF produced from Dameigou continental shale are significantly lower than those of HFFF produced from marine shales such as the Marcellus Formation in the United States (14.8 to 211.4 g/L) [36], the Bowland Formation in the United Kingdom (62.6 to 99.5 g/L) [37], the Longmaxi Formation in China (13.1 to 53.5 g/L) [38], and Polish shale formations (103.2 g/L) [39], and because the dominating ions of shallow groundwater are similar to those of HFFF in this study, the conventional tracers of HFFF such as TDS, Cl, and Na/Cl are not applicable to identifying groundwater contamination by HFFF in the study area. The SO 4 2− concentrations of the Dameigou Shale HFFF, except for the first flowback day (41 to 90 mg/L), are slightly higher than those reported for the Marcellus Formation (1.3 to 11.7 mg/L) [40] and Longmaxi Formation (23 to 89 mg/L) [41], but are lower than those reported for the Bowland Formation (101.8 to 120.1 mg/L) [37].…”

Section: Characteristics Of Hydrochemical Compositions and Boron Isot...mentioning

confidence: 91%

Sensitivity Assessment of Boron Isotope as Indicator of Contaminated Groundwater for Hydraulic Fracturing Flowback Fluids Produced from the Dameigou Shale of the Northern Qaidam Basin

Zheng

Zhang

2023

Sustainability

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Hydrogeochemical processes occurring in contaminated groundwater and aquifer systems may reduce the sensitivity of boron isotopes as an indicator of hydraulic fracturing flowback fluids (HFFF) in groundwater. In this paper, based on the Chaiye-1 well (the first continental shale gas well in the northern Qaidam Basin), the hydrogeochemical processes affecting boron isotopes were analyzed in HFFF-contaminated Neogene (NG1 and NG2) and Quaternary (QG1) groundwater around the shale gas field. Then, a model for boron isotopes in HFFF-contaminated groundwater was constructed to assess the sensitivity of boron isotopes as an HFFF indicator. The results show that, limited by the range of pH values and saturation indices (SI) in HFFF-contaminated groundwater, the dissolution of alkali feldspar and precipitation of carbonate have little effect on the boron isotopes in shallow groundwater. For the NG2 aquifer system containing clay minerals, the δ11B of simulated contaminated groundwater (40.0–55.6‰) is always higher than that of the corresponding groundwater mixed conservatively (−6.4–55.6‰) due to preferential adsorption of boron isotopes onto clay minerals, indicating preferential adsorption would reduce the sensitivity of boron isotopes as an indicator of groundwater contamination from HFFF. For the scenario of HFFF contamination, when the mixing ratio of HFFF in contaminated groundwater increases by 5%, boron isotopes in Neogene (NG1 and NG2) and Quaternary (QG1) groundwater have detectable responses to HFFF contamination, suggesting δ11B is a sensitive indicator of HFFF contamination in shallow groundwater from the Dameigou Shale in the northern Qaidam Basin.

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Section: Characteristics Of Hydrochemical Compositions and Boron Isot...mentioning

confidence: 91%

Sensitivity Assessment of Boron Isotope as Indicator of Contaminated Groundwater for Hydraulic Fracturing Flowback Fluids Produced from the Dameigou Shale of the Northern Qaidam Basin

Zheng

Zhang

2023

Sustainability

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“…Today, the commonly used fracturing flowback fluid treatment technologies are mainly physical/ chemical/ biological treatment technologies such as coagulation and flocculation, bag filtration, active carbon adsorption, aeration, chemical precipitation, oil/water separation, membrane filtration [7] , [8] , [9] , [10] , [11] , [12] , [13] . These methods are mainly used to remove insoluble solid particles, a small amount of formation crude oil, and organic polymer additives in fracturing fluid components.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism analysis of hydroxypropyl guar gum degradation in fracture flowback fluid by homogeneous sono-Fenton process

Wang

Sun

Shi

et al. 2023

Ultrasonics Sonochemistry

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“…Onsite reuse of flowback wastewater in subsequent fracturing operations is widely adopted, but there are several limiting factors as well. Wastewater recycling requires pretreatments such as coagulation and membrane filtration to remove suspended solids and colloidal residues. ,, However, these procedures cannot remove the dissolved salts effectively, and the high salinity may inevitably decrease the effectiveness of chemical additives. ,, Thus, extra material and technical costs are paid to maintain fracturing fluid properties. Meanwhile, the divalent cations (calcium, barium, and strontium) in the reused fracturing fluid may cause substantial carbonate and sulfate precipitates and damage the permeability of shale. , …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Wastewater recycling requires pretreatments such as coagulation and membrane filtration to remove suspended solids and colloidal residues. 17,40,41 However, these procedures cannot remove the dissolved salts effectively, and the high salinity may inevitably decrease the effectiveness of chemical additives. 18,28,42 Thus, extra material and technical costs are paid to maintain fracturing fluid properties.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

In Situ Sequestration of a Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid in Longmaxi Shale Gas Formation in the Sichuan Basin

et al. 2019

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Due to high salinity and complex components including varied inorganic salts, organic agents, released heavy metals, radioactive elements and clastic particles, environmental and economical treatments of a huge amount of flowback wastewater from shale gas wells have attracted both public concerns and industrial interest. Unlike the existing methods such as deep well reinjection and recycling, this paper explores the feasibility of directly reserving an injected hydraulic fracturing (HF) fluid in a shale formation utilizing its strong capillary imbibition and permanent sequestration capacity. Fluid imbibition-flowback and nuclear magnetic resonance experiments are conducted to check the microscopic reliability: once being imbibed into shale, only less than 20% of the total fluid is driven out even under a pressure gradient of 22.1–62.6 MPa/m. Macroscopic flowback data from Longmaxi shale gas wells in the Sichuan Basin further demonstrates that by adding 10–30 days to current shut-in operations the flowback rates of a HF fluid decrease approximately 5–15%, meaning a reduction of 2000–6000 m3 wastewater per single well without extra technical procedures or additives. Moreover, fractured sample displacement experiments, simulations, and field data statistics confirm that extending shut-in time causes an overall improvement in well productivity and flowback fluid quality.

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Purification of flowback fluids after hydraulic fracturing of Polish gas shales by hybrid methods

Cited by 7 publications

References 17 publications

Sensitivity Assessment of Boron Isotope as Indicator of Contaminated Groundwater for Hydraulic Fracturing Flowback Fluids Produced from the Dameigou Shale of the Northern Qaidam Basin

Sensitivity Assessment of Boron Isotope as Indicator of Contaminated Groundwater for Hydraulic Fracturing Flowback Fluids Produced from the Dameigou Shale of the Northern Qaidam Basin

Mechanism analysis of hydroxypropyl guar gum degradation in fracture flowback fluid by homogeneous sono-Fenton process

In Situ Sequestration of a Hydraulic Fracturing Fluid in Longmaxi Shale Gas Formation in the Sichuan Basin

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