Purification of glycerol/water solutions from biodiesel synthesis by ion exchange: sodium removal Part I

Carmona, Manuel; Valverde, J.L.; Pérez, Ángel; Warchoł, J.; Rodríguez, Juan F.

doi:10.1002/jctb.2106

Cited by 47 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This behaviour agrees with that shown in Part I of this paper by the strongly acidic cationexchanger Amberlite 252. 29 The fitting process gave the same maximum ion-exchange capacity, q 0 = 5.0 mmol protons g −1 dry resin, found by Valverde et al 30 for the ions Cu 2+ , Cd 2+ and Zn 2+ but a little lower than the values reported by Carmona et al 31 for removal of the ions Pb 2+ , Ni 2+ and Cr 3+ using this resin in aqueous media. As in Part I, 29 it is important to point out that this result agrees with previous work indicating that the presence of water at any concentration in a mixture with an organic solvent favours salt ionization and furthers the accessibility of the counter ions to the resin active sites and thus, the capacity of the resin known to be fully accessible in pure organic solvents is completely available in glycerol-water mixtures.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Purification of glycerol/water solutions from biodiesel synthesis by ion exchange: sodium and chloride removal. Part II

Carmona

Lech

Lucas

et al. 2009

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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BACKGROUND: Equilibrium studies were carried out with the aim of finding the basic design parameters for ion exchange plants using a glycerol phase obtained from biodiesel production. The uptake of sodium and potassium ions on a strongly acidic ion exchanger, Amberlite IR-120, in the proton form from glycerol/water mixtures has been studied. The effect on the selectivity towards sodium of the percentage of water in glycerine/water mixtures on the macroporous resin Amberlite 252 has been analyzed. Finally, chloride removal by a strongly basic anionic-exchange resin Amberlite IRA-420 at three different temperatures has been studied.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 77%

Purification of glycerol/water solutions from biodiesel synthesis by ion exchange: sodium and chloride removal. Part II

Carmona

Lech

Lucas

et al. 2009

J of Chemical Tech & Biotech

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“…The crude glycerol phase can be purified by ion exchange on the strong acid resin Amberlite-252 and it has been suggested that the macroporous Amberlite could be useful for removal of sodium ions from glycerol/water solutions with a high salt concentration (Carmona et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of glycerol phase formed by biodiesel production

Hájek

Skopal

2010

Bioresource Technology

165

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Glycerol is a by-product of biodiesel produced by transesterification and is contained in the glycerol phase together with many other materials such as soaps, remaining catalyst, water, and esters formed during the process. The content of glycerol is approximately 30-60 wt.%. In this paper, treatments of the glycerol phase to obtain glycerol with a purity of 86 wt.% (without distillation) and a mixture of fatty acids with esters (1:1) or only a mixture of fatty acids with a purity of 99 wt% are presented. The treatment was carried out by removing of alkaline substances and esters. Fatty acids were produced by saponification of the remaining esters and subsequent neutralization of alkaline substances by phosphoric, sulfuric, hydrochloric or acetic acids. Salts are by-products and, in the case of phosphoric acid can be used as potash-phosphate fertilizer. The process of treatment is easy and environmentally friendly, because no special chemicals or equipment are required and all products are utilizable.

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“…These metals can be removed by chemical pretreatments of glycerin: for instance, Carmona et al [29] have recently studied the elimination of sodium by ion exchange processes on a strong acid resin. Our research group is also investigating the removal of Na and K by dehydration of glycerin, which results in the precipitation of their respective sulphates.…”

Section: Glycerin Characterizationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycerin, a Biodiesel By-Product with Potentiality to Produce Hydrogen by Steam Gasification

et al. 2015

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This work investigates the possibility of providing a use to one of the major byproducts generated during biodiesel processing: glycerin. In particular, the steam gasification of water/glycerin mixtures is studied, analysing the influence of temperature (range 600-900˝C), inlet flow rate (0.5-3 mL¨min´1) and water/glycerin ratio (6-12 wt/wt, %) on the gas composition (H 2 , CO, CH 4 and CO 2 ), higher heating value, and generated power. In general, a more diluted water/glycerin mixture is more interesting in order to provide a higher fraction of hydrogen in the gas produced, although it also involves a decrease in the power obtained. Higher temperatures cause a greater contribution of water gas and water gas shift reactions in all cases, thus increasing the H 2 proportion of the gas. Finally, a greater inlet flow rate increases gas production, but decreases the hydrogen proportion.

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Purification of glycerol/water solutions from biodiesel synthesis by ion exchange: sodium removal Part I

Cited by 47 publications

References 37 publications

Purification of glycerol/water solutions from biodiesel synthesis by ion exchange: sodium and chloride removal. Part II

Purification of glycerol/water solutions from biodiesel synthesis by ion exchange: sodium and chloride removal. Part II

Treatment of glycerol phase formed by biodiesel production

Glycerin, a Biodiesel By-Product with Potentiality to Produce Hydrogen by Steam Gasification

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