A novel silica-based metal chelate stationary phase, L-glutamic acid-copper(II) (L-Glu-Cu(II)), was synthesized. Effects of the immobilized metal ion, the pH of the solution, and competitive agents on chromatographic behavior of proteins were investigated on prepared chelate column. The coordination role of proteins on L-Glu-Cu(II) column was demonstrated. Optimal separation conditions for proteins on L-Glu-Cu(II) column were discussed. According to the established chromatographic conditions, protein mixtures were effectively separated. Separation performance of proteins and the leakage of Cu 2þ on L-Glu-Cu(II) column were discussed and compared with the traditional iminodiacetic acid-copper(II) (IDACu(II)) column. Separation performance of L-Glu-Cu(II) column for proteins was superior to that of the IDA-Cu(II) column. Under a proper eluting condition, a less amount of Cu 2þ was leaked from the L-Glu-Cu(II) column as compared with IDA-Cu(II) column.
INTRODUCTIONImmobilized metal affinity chromatography (IMAC), also known as metal chelate affinity chromatography (MCAC), was first proposed by Porath et al. (1) in 1975. The method has been widely used in the isolation and purification of proteins due to the selective affinity of metal chelate column for proteins and peptides (2-6). A series of immobilized metal chelate ligands was developed in order to improve the selectivity and stability of metal chelate column (4,7-8). IDA is one of the most commonly used ligands since it has a suitable coordination number of atoms. This characteristic can meet not only with the coordination of immobilized metal ion, but also with the requirement of protein coordination owing to the remainder empty valence electron orbits of immobilized metal ion. When the transition metal ion, e.g., Ni 2þ , Co 2þ , or Zn 2þ , is immobilized on IDA, a weak affinity metal chelate