Purification of metallurgical-grade silicon combining Sn–Si solvent refining with gas pressure filtration

Abstract

In this study, the purification of metallurgical-grade silicon using a combination of solvent refining and gas pressure filtration was investigated in the Sn–Si alloy.

Fabrication of PVDF mixed matrix nanofiltration membranes incorporated with TiO2 nanoparticles and an amphiphilic PVDF‐g‐PMMA copolymer

“…The most important difference between these two spectra is the strong peak emerged at 1733 cm − 1 in the spectrum of PVDF‐g‐PMMA, corresponding to the carbonyl group (CO) in PMMA. Moreover, the sharp peak appeared at 2870 cm − 1 in the spectrum of PVDF‐g‐PMMA is related to the methoxy group (OCH 3 ) in PMMA 53,54 . All these findings confirm successful grafting of PMMA from PVDF chains.…”