Purification of Ultra-High Purity Aluminum

Hashimoto, Eiji; Ueda, Y.; Kino, Takao

doi:10.1051/jp4:1995715

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…As shown in Table 2, first 5N, then 6N [33] and eventually 7N single-crystal aluminium [36] are necessary to exploit these low temperatures.…”

Section: -25 K Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Direct string magnetic gradiometer for space applications

Sunderland¹,

Veryaskin²,

McRae³

et al. 2008

Sensors and Actuators A: Physical

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a b s t r a c tRecently, a novel direct string magnetic gradiometer (DSMG) has been developed, where a vibrating wire, driven by an AC current, is used as a single sensitive element. It is designed to directly measure the local offdiagonal components of the magnetic gradient tensor, Bxz, Byz and Bxy, provided the distance to an object creating magnetic anomalies is much larger than the length of the string. This requirement is well satisfied in space, if the sensor is deployed from a satellite platform orbiting near the planet under surveillance. Current instruments operating at 1 kPa pressure achieve sensitivity of 4 × 10 −10 T/(m √ Hz) in the band 0.0025-0.3 Hz. In this paper we show that proposed modifications to the current gradiometer design, specifically aimed at the deployment in space, could have a magnetic gradient sensitivity better than 10 −13 T/(m √ Hz) in the frequency range of interest for specific missions both for fundamental research and for such applications as geophysical exploration on Mars and other solar system planets. Also, by combining a few single-axis magnetic gradiometer modules, it is possible to deploy a full tensor magnetic gradiometer.

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“…As shown in Table 2, first 5N, then 6N [33] and eventually 7N single-crystal aluminium [36] are necessary to exploit these low temperatures.…”

Section: -25 K Operationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…At progressively lower temperatures, aluminium alloys[46,34,33,36] with lower and lower values of electrical resistance are proposed…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Direct string magnetic gradiometer for space applications

Sunderland¹,

Veryaskin²,

McRae³

et al. 2008

Sensors and Actuators A: Physical

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The big advantage is an inherent strong stirring in the melt actuated by electromagnetic field, which makes the induction heating zones more favorable in refining purposes, e.g. Aluminium [38], Copper [39] as well as Germanium refining [40]. For refining some refractory metals, like Chromium, Niobium, Silicon, etc., electrical discharge heating is usually preferred because of its high energy density.…”

Section: Design Variants Of Zone Refiningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That can predict the influence of each parameter on the refining results and get the theoretical optimum parameters combination with short time and low cost. In some cases, to get a clear insight in the variation of zone length, zone temperature distribution, zone shape, etc., the overall heat transfer in the system should be simulated as well [17] [21] [38]. However, many assumptions should be taken in the development of simulation, such as neglecting diffusion of impurities in the solid, assuming complete planar solidification interface, assuming homogeneous concentration distribution in the molten zone, not considering the interaction activity among different impurities, assuming consistent stability of growing rate, etc.…”

Section: Assessment Of Modelling Versus Experimentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Production of High Purity Metals: A Review on Zone Refining Process

Zhang¹,

Friedrich²,

Friedrich³

2018

JCPT

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Purification is a primary application of zone melting, in which the improvement of efficiency, production yield and minimum achievable impurity level are always the research focus due to the increasing demand for high purity metals. This paper has systematically outlined the whole development of related research on zone refining of metals including basic theories, variants of zone refining, parametric optimization, numerical models, and high purity analytical methods. The collection of this information could be of good value to improve the refining efficiency and the production of high purity metals by zone refining.

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“…4,5) Hashimoto and coworkers reported superhighly purified aluminum (RRR is about 100000) from a 6N starting material by the cropping method (zone pass: 60 times). 6,7) Since then, no beneficial report on superhigh purification for aluminum has been published.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Zone Refining of Aluminum and Its Simulation

et al. 2014

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Ultrahigh-purity aluminum with a residual resistivity ratio (RRR) of 6000065000 was obtained by the ultrahigh-vacuum melting method. However, it was necessary to reduce the concentration of the elements with distribution coefficient k > 1 to further improve the purity of aluminum. Therefore, we prepared a sample with reduced concentrations of k > 1 elements from an ultrahigh-purity (99.9999%) aluminum material by the zone-refining method, and evaluated its purity by electrical resistance measurement and glow discharge mass spectrometry (GDMS). In addition, the zone-refining process was simulated, and the distribution of the solute atoms after approximately 10 passes of zonerefining was predicted. Moreover, the refining conditions were investigated with the aim of achieving higher purity. In experiments, when the zone width was increased from 60 to 80 mm at a zone speed of 60 mm/h, the concentrations of the elements with k > 1 in the second half of the material decreased and RRR improved. When the zone speed was decreased to 30 mm/h, a marked effect was observed and RRR increased to about 85000. The distribution of the solute atoms determined from the simulation was in good agreement with the results of GDMS analysis, thus confirming the usefulness of the simulation.

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Purification of Ultra-High Purity Aluminum

Cited by 9 publications

References 8 publications

Direct string magnetic gradiometer for space applications

Direct string magnetic gradiometer for space applications

Production of High Purity Metals: A Review on Zone Refining Process

Zone Refining of Aluminum and Its Simulation

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