Purpura Fulminans Secondary to Xanthomonas Maltophilia Sepsis in an Adult with Aplastic Anemia

Kato, Naoko; Morioka, Tokiyo

doi:10.1111/j.1346-8138.1991.tb03072.x

Cited by 9 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 15 publications

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“…According to some investigators, the acute mortality rate associated with these polymicrobial bacteremias is not significantly different from that associated with bacteremia due to S. maltophilia alone (115,197), although this is in contrast to the reports of others (238). S. maltophilia septicemia may be complicated by disseminated intravascular coagulation and purpura fulminans (208,267). Ecthyma gangrenosum is also a well-recognized complication (52) (see the section on skin and soft tissue infection, below).…”

Section: Bacteremiamentioning

confidence: 92%

Microbiological and Clinical Aspects of Infection Associated with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

1998

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SUMMARY The gram-negative bacterium Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is increasingly recognized as an important cause of nosocomial infection. Infection occurs principally, but not exclusively, in debilitated and immunosuppressed individuals. Management of S. maltophilia-associated infection is problematic because many strains of the bacterium manifest resistance to multiple antibiotics. These difficulties are compounded by methodological problems in in vitro susceptibility testing for which there are, as yet, no formal guidelines. Despite its acknowledged importance as a nosocomial pathogen, little is known of the epidemiology of S. maltophilia, and although it is considered an environmental bacterium, its sources and reservoirs are often not readily apparent. Molecular typing systems may contribute to our knowledge of the epidemiology of S. maltophilia infection, thus allowing the development of strategies to interrupt the transmission of the bacterium in the hospital setting. Even less is known of pathogenic mechanisms and putative virulence factors involved in the natural history of S. maltophilia infection and this, coupled with difficulties in distinguishing colonization from true infection, has fostered the view that the bacterium is essentially nonpathogenic. This article aims to review the current taxonomic status of S. maltophilia, and it discusses the laboratory identification of the bacterium. The epidemiology of the organism is considered with particular reference to nosocomial outbreaks, several of which have been investigated by molecular typing techniques. Risk factors for acquisition of the bacterium are also reviewed, and the ever-expanding spectrum of clinical syndromes associated with S. maltophilia is surveyed. Antimicrobial resistance mechanisms, pitfalls in in vitro susceptibility testing, and therapy of S. maltophilia infections are also discussed.

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Section: Bacteremiamentioning

confidence: 92%

Microbiological and Clinical Aspects of Infection Associated with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

1998

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Purpura fulminans Fatale Folge einer alltäglichen Therapie?

Hengge

Jochum²,

Tschakarjan

et al. 2002

Hautarzt

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Community-acquired Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections: a systematic review

Falagas

Kastoris

Vouloumanou

et al. 2009

Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis

116

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Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is a pathogen that causes infections mainly in immunocompromised patients. However, community-acquired S. maltophilia infections have been occasionally reported. The objective of this paper was to collect and evaluate the available published data referring to community-acquired S. maltophilia infections. We searched PubMed, the Cochrane Library, and Scopus for articles providing data for patients with community-acquired S. maltophilia infections. Eight case series and 23 case reports (involving 77 and 26 patients with community-acquired S. maltophilia infections, respectively) were regarded as eligible for inclusion in our review. Regarding the 77 patients with community-acquired S. maltophilia infections included in the identified case series, 45 had bacteremia, six ocular infections, five respiratory tract infections, four wound/soft tissue infections, two urinary tract infections, one conjunctivitis, one otitis, and one cellulitis; data were not reported for the remaining 12 patients. Comorbidity (such as malignancy, HIV infection, prior hospitalization) was common. Data included in the eight case series regarding the outcome of infection were limited. From the 26 patients with community-acquired S. maltophilia infections reported in the case reports, 22 were cured from the infection, whereas 4 of 26 patients died; one death was attributed to septic shock due to S. maltophilia. Several publications report patients with community-acquired S. maltophilia infections; the majority of them refer to patients with some kind of comorbidity. Physicians should be aware that S. maltophilia infections are not restricted to hospitalized patients.

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Purpura Fulminans Secondary to Xanthomonas Maltophilia Sepsis in an Adult with Aplastic Anemia

Cited by 9 publications

References 15 publications

Microbiological and Clinical Aspects of Infection Associated with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

Microbiological and Clinical Aspects of Infection Associated with Stenotrophomonas maltophilia

Purpura fulminans Fatale Folge einer alltäglichen Therapie?

Community-acquired Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections: a systematic review

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