Pursuing glacier retreat: genetic structure of a rapidly expanding Larix decidua population

Pluess, Andrea R.

doi:10.1111/j.1365-294x.2010.04972.x

Cited by 59 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 76 publications

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“…The Allee effect could be a partial or alternative explanation to the argument of long-distance mixing of genes advanced in ref. 36. Our results are also consistent with the findings in ref.…”

Section: Numerical Computationssupporting

confidence: 94%

“…For instance, Pluess (36) demonstrated how a retreating glacier limited the spread of a population of European larch, thereby functioning as an extreme Allee effect where all of the seeds falling on the icecap die. Given our results, this should lead to high genetic diversity in the colonization front, which was actually observed (36). The Allee effect could be a partial or alternative explanation to the argument of long-distance mixing of genes advanced in ref.…”

Section: Numerical Computationssupporting

confidence: 72%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Allee effect promotes diversity in traveling waves of colonization

Roques

Garnier

Hamel

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

169

225

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Most mathematical studies on expanding populations have focused on the rate of range expansion of a population. However, the genetic consequences of population expansion remain an understudied body of theory. Describing an expanding population as a traveling wave solution derived from a classical reaction-diffusion model, we analyze the spatio-temporal evolution of its genetic structure. We show that the presence of an Allee effect (i.e., a lower per capita growth rate at low densities) drastically modifies genetic diversity, both in the colonization front and behind it. With an Allee effect (i.e., pushed colonization waves), all of the genetic diversity of a population is conserved in the colonization front. In the absence of an Allee effect (i.e., pulled waves), only the furthest forward members of the initial population persist in the colonization front, indicating a strong erosion of the diversity in this population. These results counteract commonly held notions that the Allee effect generally has adverse consequences. Our study contributes new knowledge to the surfing phenomenon in continuous models without random genetic drift. It also provides insight into the dynamics of traveling wave solutions and leads to a new interpretation of the mathematical notions of pulled and pushed waves. R apid increases in the number of biological invasions by alien organisms (1) and the movement of species in response to their climatic niches shifting as a result of climate change have caused a growing number of empirical and observational studies to address the phenomenon of range expansion. Numerous mathematical approaches and simulations have been developed to analyze the processes of these expansions (2, 3). Most results focus on the rate of range expansion (4), and the genetic consequences of range expansion have received little attention from mathematicians and modelers (5). However, range expansions are known to have an important effect on genetic diversity (6, 7) and generally lead to a loss of genetic diversity along the expansion axis due to successive founder effects (8). Simulation studies have already investigated the role of the geometry of the invaded territory (9-11), the importance of long-distance dispersal and the shape of the dispersal kernel (12-14), the effects of local demography (15), or existence of a juvenile stage (13). Further research is needed to obtain mathematical results supporting these empirical and simulation studies, as such results could determine the causes of diversity loss and the factors capable of increasing or reducing it.In a simulation study using a stepping-stone model with a lattice structure, Edmonds et. al (16) analyzed the fate of a neutral mutation present in the leading edge of an expanding population. Although in most cases the mutation remains at a low frequency in its original position, in some cases the mutation increases in frequency and propagates among the leading edge. This phenomenon is described as "surfing" (15). Surfing is caused by the strong genetic drift ...

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Section: Numerical Computationssupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Numerical Computationssupporting

confidence: 72%

Allee effect promotes diversity in traveling waves of colonization

Roques

Garnier

Hamel

et al. 2012

Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A.

169

225

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…It is consistent with the observation made by Pluess (2011) for the same species in the Swiss Alps (H e =0.75, for the five common out of eight microsatellite markers). For other Larix species, genetic diversity may be either similar as in the case of Larix kaempferi in Japan (H e =0.73, for 4 out of 11 common microsatellite markers) (Nishimura and Setoguchi 2010) or lower as observed by Khasa et al (2006) in Larix lyallii and Larix occidentalis (H e =0.42 and 0.58, respectively) in Canada.…”

Section: Genetic Diversity In the Larch Populationsupporting

confidence: 92%

“…It is likely that this recent colonization could have occurred without causing a genetic differentiation along the altitudinal gradient and without any loss of genetic diversity as already demonstrated by Pluess (2011). Consistently with this hypothesis, the higher plot also shows a higher number of pairs of loci with a linkage disequilibrium that could be caused by smaller effective population size (Flint-Garcia et al 2003).…”

Section: Spatial Genetic Structure Within Plots and Demographic Histosupporting

confidence: 75%

Genetic differentiation of European larch along an altitudinal gradient in the French Alps

Nardin

Musch

Rousselle

et al. 2015

Annals of Forest Science

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& Key message Despite variable dynamics of genetic diversification at the different altitudinal levels, strong gene flow tends to standardize larch genetic diversity: the larch forest distributed along the altitudinal gradient can be regarded as a single population. & Context While in forest tree species many studies focus on the structure of the genetic diversity at the natural range and at the forest stand levels, few studies have worked at intermediate levels like the landscape level. & Aims We tried to determine to what degree altitude variation can affect the genetic diversity and the local structure of the genetic diversity of European larch (Larix decidua Miller) at the landscape level. & Methods Using microsatellite markers, we determined the between-and within-plot genetic structure and the spatial genetic structure (SGS) of four altitudinal plots distributed between 1,350 and 2,300 m a.s.l. in a European larch forest located in the French Alps. & Results A homogenous neutral genetic structure was detected along this gradient. The intensity of the SGS was found to be stronger at 2,300 m and decreased at the 2,000-m plot. It was low or non-existent at the 1,700-and 1,350-m altitudinal levels. & Conclusion Our results suggest that the genetic structure observed at the landscape level in this European larch forest was only slightly affected by climatic variation, human activities, or historical events. However, the variation of intensity of the SGS within the altitudinal plots indicates the existence Contribution of the co-authors Maxime Nardin is the PhD student in charge of the study. Dr. Brigitte Musch supervised the writing of the article, then reviewed and commented on successive drafts of the paper. Dr. Yves Rousselle reviewed and commented on successive drafts of the paper. Vanina Guerin participated in cambium sampling and development of the genetic markers, supervised and organized the genotyping, and commented on successive drafts of the paper. Dr. Leopoldo Sanchez participated in the project and trial design and establishment, cambium sampling, and project coordination. Dr. Jean-Pierre Rossi participated in cambium sampling, designed and helped in performing the spatial genetic analysis (SGS), and reviewed and commented on successive drafts of the paper. Dr. Sophie Gerber supervised the development of the genetic markers and participated in cambium sampling, trial design and establishment, and project coordination. Sara Marin participated in the trial design and establishment, increment core and cambium sampling, and microdensity preparation and analysis process. Dr. Luc E. Pâques participated in the trial design and establishment and coordination of the research project, reviewed and commented on successive drafts of the paper, and co-supervised Maxime Nardin. Dr. Philippe Rozenberg led the project and trial design and establishment, participated in cambium sampling, reviewed and commented on successive drafts of the paper, coordinated the research project, and co-supervised Maxime Nar...

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“…Microsatellite, also known as simple sequence repeat (SSR), is widely used in many molecular genetic applications including genotype mapping (ACHERÉ et al, 2004;ECHT et al, 2011;KANG et al, 2010), population structure and genetic diversity analysis (ESPINOZA et al, 2012;PLUESS et al, 2013;LU et al, 2009), and gene flow and germplasm conservation studies (SHIMONO et al, 2011). SSR markers are co-dominant, abundant and evenly distributed in genomes of plants, multi-allelic, highly polymorphic and are easily detectable by simple polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology (HODGETTS et al, 2001;RAJORA et al, 2001;PEAKALL et al, 1998).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Genetic diversity of Picea likiangensis natural population at different altitudes revealed by EST-SSR markers

et al. 2014

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Altitude is thought to have greatly influenced current species distribution and their genetic diversity. However, it is unclear how different altitudes have affected the distribution and genetic diversity of Picea likiangensis, a dominant forestry species in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau region (QTP). In this study, we investigated the genetic diversity of Picea likiangensis populations which distributed in different altitudes of QTP using EST-SSR markers. The results suggested that this species has high genetic diversity at species level, with 100 % of loci being polymorphic and an average Nei's gene diversity (He) of 0.7186 and Shannon's information index (I) of 1.5415. While the genetic diversity of Picea likiangensis at population level was lower than that at species level, with He and I being 0.6562 and 1.3742, respectively. The variation in genetic diversity of all four studied populations indicated a low-high-low pattern along the elevation gradients. The mid-elevation population (3050 m) was more genetically diverse than both low-elevation (2900 m) and high-elevation populations (3200 m and 3350 m). Nei's genetic diversity (F st = 0.0809) and AMOVA analysis (Phist = 0.1135) indicated that a low level of genetic differentiation among populations. Gene flow among populations was 2.8384, suggesting that high gene flow is a main factor leading to high levels of the genetic diversity among populations.

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Pursuing glacier retreat: genetic structure of a rapidly expanding Larix decidua population

Cited by 59 publications

References 76 publications

Allee effect promotes diversity in traveling waves of colonization

Allee effect promotes diversity in traveling waves of colonization

Genetic differentiation of European larch along an altitudinal gradient in the French Alps

Genetic diversity of Picea likiangensis natural population at different altitudes revealed by EST-SSR markers

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