2017
DOI: 10.1159/000455968
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Putative Effects of Obesity on Linear Growth and Puberty

Abstract: Childhood obesity is a major public health problem that has grown to epidemic proportions throughout the world. Obesity is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. The nutritional status plays an important role in growth and body weight regulation. Excess adiposity during childhood can affect the process of growth and puberty. Obese children are frequently tall for their age, with accelerated epiphyseal growth plate maturation despite low growth hormone levels. Several regulatory hormones may affect th… Show more

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Cited by 70 publications
(73 citation statements)
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“…Higher levels of leptin are necessary for the onset of puberty, as this signals that energy stores are adequate for reproductive development and maturity (Bordini and Rosenfield 2011). Previous findings also suggest that in utero phthalate and BPA exposure are associated with increased risk of childhood obesity and adiposity (Buckley et al 2015; Deierlein et al 2016; Hoepner et al 2016; Valvi et al 2013; Yang et al 2017), key predictors of earlier pubertal development (Anderson et al 2003; Kaplowitz 2008; Lee et al 2007; Rosenfield et al 2009; Shalitin and Kiess 2017). In addition, in utero phthalate exposure could affect pubertal timing via altered peripubertal levels of kisspeptin, a neurotransmitter that plays a crucial role in initiating GnRH release from the hypothalamus at the beginning of the pubertal transition (Hu et al 2013), possibly by influencing neural development of the hypothalamus.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 96%
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“…Higher levels of leptin are necessary for the onset of puberty, as this signals that energy stores are adequate for reproductive development and maturity (Bordini and Rosenfield 2011). Previous findings also suggest that in utero phthalate and BPA exposure are associated with increased risk of childhood obesity and adiposity (Buckley et al 2015; Deierlein et al 2016; Hoepner et al 2016; Valvi et al 2013; Yang et al 2017), key predictors of earlier pubertal development (Anderson et al 2003; Kaplowitz 2008; Lee et al 2007; Rosenfield et al 2009; Shalitin and Kiess 2017). In addition, in utero phthalate exposure could affect pubertal timing via altered peripubertal levels of kisspeptin, a neurotransmitter that plays a crucial role in initiating GnRH release from the hypothalamus at the beginning of the pubertal transition (Hu et al 2013), possibly by influencing neural development of the hypothalamus.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 96%
“…In both linear and logistic regression models, we adjusted for child age and BMI z-score at follow-up as they have been associated with both exposure (Yang et al 2017; Zota et al 2014) and pubertal onset (Anderson et al 2003; Kaplowitz 2008; Lee et al 2007; Rosenfield et al 2009; Shalitin and Kiess 2017). SG was included in all models as a measure of urinary dilution.…”
Section: Methodsmentioning
confidence: 99%
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“…More recently, in nearly 1,000 7-to-8-year-old girls, 10% of the Caucasian, 23% of the African-American, and 15% of the Hispanic girls had reached at least Tanner 2 breast development [5]. Studies in both the US and worldwide have implicated the rising incidence of obesity as a major factor in the decline in the age of puberty onset in girls [6, 7]. Consequently, continued adherence to prior definitions for precocious puberty (breast development before 8 years of age) has resulted in an increasing proportion of girls being categorized as “precocious.” In response to this secular trend of earlier puberty, guidelines were proposed recommending that precocious puberty be redefined as the onset of breast development before 7 years for Caucasian girls and before 6 years for African-American girls [8].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Childhood obesity is widely recognized as a risk factor for development of comorbidities such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, coronary heart disease, and metabolic syndrome in childhood or later life. Excess adiposity during childhood can also affect the process of growth and puberty [4-8]. …”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%