Putative periodontopathic bacteria and herpesviruses in pregnant women: a case-control study

Lu, Hai‐Xia; Zhu, Ce; Li, Fēi; Xu, Wei; Tao, Danying; Feng, Xiping

doi:10.1038/srep27796

Cited by 23 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…Although viruses are also present within the oral cavity with differences observed between health and disease states, there is limited knowledge about their relationship to periodontal disease 20 . Studies suggest that viruses, including herpes simplex virus-1,2, Epstein-Barr virus, and cytomegalovirus play important roles in periodontal disease [21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] . Also, in recent studies, other different viruses have been associated with periodontal disease, however, a comprehensive evaluation of the oral virome in relationship to periodontal disease using shotgun sequencing has not been carried out in mice and to a limited extent in humans [30][31][32][33] .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymicrobial periodontal disease triggers a wide radius of effect and unique virome

Gao

Kang

Zhang

et al. 2020

npj Biofilms Microbiomes

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Periodontal disease is a microbially-mediated inflammatory disease of tooth-supporting tissues that leads to bone and tissue loss around teeth. Although bacterially-mediated mechanisms of alveolar bone destruction have been widely studied, the effects of a polymicrobial infection on the periodontal ligament and microbiome/virome have not been well explored. Therefore, the current investigation introduced a new mouse model of periodontal disease to examine the effects of a polymicrobial infection on periodontal ligament (PDL) properties, changes in bone loss, the host immune response, and the microbiome/virome using shotgun sequencing. Periodontal pathogens, namely Porphyromonas gingivalis, Treponema denticola, Tannerella forsythia, and Fusobacterium nucleatum were used as the polymicrobial oral inoculum in BALB/cByJ mice. The polymicrobial infection triggered significant alveolar bone loss, a heightened antibody response, an elevated cytokine immune response, a significant shift in viral diversity and virome composition, and a widening of the PDL space; the latter two findings have not been previously reported in periodontal disease models. Changes in the PDL space were present at sites far away from the site of insult, indicating that the polymicrobial radius of effect extends beyond the bone loss areas and site of initial infection and wider than previously appreciated. Associations were found between bone loss, specific viral and bacterial species, immune genes, and PDL space changes. These findings may have significant implications for the pathogenesis of periodontal disease and biomechanical properties of the periodontium. This new polymicrobial mouse model of periodontal disease in a common mouse strain is useful for evaluating the features of periodontal disease.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polymicrobial periodontal disease triggers a wide radius of effect and unique virome

Gao

Kang

Zhang

et al. 2020

npj Biofilms Microbiomes

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show abstract

“…302 Herpesvirus-bacteria coinfection in gingivitis occurred with a frequency that was to be expected from a random distribution of the infectious agents. 302 Coinfections with cytomegalovirus or Epstein-Barr virus and P. gingivalis or A. actinomycetemcomitans have also been observed in periodontitis studies from Japan, [303][304][305] India, [306][307][308][309][310] Turkey, 311 Iran, 312 China, 313,314 Colombia, 315 Russia, 316 Greece, 317 Romania, 318,319 and Italy. 320 Initial data also incriminate herpesvirus-bacteria coinfection in the pathogenesis of pericoronitis at mandibular third molars, 318 peri-implantitis, 304,321 and symptomatic periapical pathosis.…”

Section: Croorganisms Mice Inoculated Intraperitoneally With Murine mentioning

confidence: 99%

Herpesvirus‐bacteria synergistic interaction in periodontitis

Chen

Feng

Slots

2019

Periodontology 2000

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The etiopathogenesis of severe periodontitis includes herpesvirus‐bacteria coinfection. This article evaluates the pathogenicity of herpesviruses (cytomegalovirus and Epstein‐Barr virus) and periodontopathic bacteria (Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and Porphyromonas gingivalis) and coinfection of these infectious agents in the initiation and progression of periodontitis. Cytomegalovirus and A. actinomycetemcomitans/P. gingivalis exercise synergistic pathogenicity in the development of localized (“aggressive”) juvenile periodontitis. Cytomegalovirus and Epstein‐Barr virus are associated with P. gingivalis in adult types of periodontitis. Periodontal herpesviruses that enter the general circulation may also contribute to disease development in various organ systems. A 2‐way interaction is likely to occur between periodontal herpesviruses and periodontopathic bacteria, with herpesviruses promoting bacterial upgrowth, and bacterial factors reactivating latent herpesviruses. Bacterial‐induced gingivitis may facilitate herpesvirus colonization of the periodontium, and herpesvirus infections may impede the antibacterial host defense and alter periodontal cells to predispose for bacterial adherence and invasion. Herpesvirus‐bacteria synergistic interactions, are likely to comprise an important pathogenic determinant of aggressive periodontitis. However, mechanistic investigations into the molecular and cellular interaction between periodontal herpesviruses and bacteria are still scarce. Herpesvirus‐bacteria coinfection studies may yield significant new discoveries of pathogenic determinants, and drug and vaccine targets to minimize or prevent periodontitis and periodontitis‐related systemic diseases.

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“…Therefore, EBV could be involved in the etiology of several types of periodontitis [18,[27][28][29]. In this study, we examined whether higher prevalence of EBV DNA and P. gingivalis are associated with PS in Japanese CP patients and IPT could decrease the number of EBV and P. gingivalis in the subgingival plaque, because several studies suggest that EBV and P. gingivalis act synergistically to potentiate periodontal disease progression and tissue destruction [18,19,21,29,30]. In this study, EBV DNA and P. gingivalis coexist in the PS of CP patients at high frequency (70.6%).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of initial periodontal therapy on the prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus DNA and Porphyromonas gingivalis in Japanese chronic periodontitis patients

Kato

Ikeda

Imai

et al. 2019

Preprint

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Background Initial periodontal therapy (IPT) is cornerstone of periodontal therapy and the first step to control of periodontal risk factors. Scaling and root planing are used to treat root surface irregularities and remove virulent factors caused by periodontal pathogens. This procedure also incorporated into periodontal surgery. To elucidate the effects of IPT on prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA and Porphyromonas gingivalis , we used subgingival plaque samples from chronic periodontitis (CP) patients.Methods Seventeen CP patients were recruited and determined measured periodontal status clinical parameters such as by probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL), bleeding on probing (BOP) and an X-ray examination, and subgingival plaque samples were collected from two periodontal sites with PD of < 3 mm (healthy sites: HS) or > 5 mm (periodontitis sites: PS) at first visit and after IPT. Plaque samples were subjected to a real-time PCR to detect EBV DNA and P. gingivalis.Results EBV DNA and P. gingivalis were detected 9 (52.9%) and 14 (82.3%) sites within the subgingival samples from HS, and 13 (76.5%) and 14 (82.3%) sites within the PS at first visit. After IPT, number of detections of EBV DNA and P. gingivalis were decreased to 5 (29.4%) and 13 (76.5%) sites within the subgingival samples from HS, and 9 (52.9%) and 10 (58.8%) sites within the PS. Significant improvements in PD and BOP were observed after IPT in PS. Coexistence of EBV DNA and P. gingivalis in the subgingival samples from PS at first visit (12 sites; 70.6%) were significantly decreased after IPT (6 sites; 35.3%).Conclusion These results suggest that the IPT was effective in improvement of clinical parameters such as PD and BOP and reducing the coexistence of EBV and P. gingivalis in the subgingival plaque from PS. However, IPT could not eradicate the EBV and P. gingivalis . Further research would be necessary for improving the periodontal treatment strategy.

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Putative periodontopathic bacteria and herpesviruses in pregnant women: a case-control study

Cited by 23 publications

References 42 publications

Polymicrobial periodontal disease triggers a wide radius of effect and unique virome

Polymicrobial periodontal disease triggers a wide radius of effect and unique virome

Herpesvirus‐bacteria synergistic interaction in periodontitis

Effects of initial periodontal therapy on the prevalence of Epstein-Barr virus DNA and Porphyromonas gingivalis in Japanese chronic periodontitis patients

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