PVDF film tethered with RGD-click-poly(glycidyl methacrylate) brushes by combination of direct surface-initiated ATRP and click chemistry for improved cytocompatibility

Abstract

To enhance the cytocompatibility of polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) films, arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) peptide-click-poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA) polymer brushes were grafted onto the PVDF surface by the combination of surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and click reaction. The direct initiation of the secondary fluorine atoms of PVDF backbone allowed for grafting of the PGMA brushes containing reactive epoxy groups. Subsequent introduction of the azide groups onto the side chain of PGMA brushes was achieved by the ring-open reaction of the epoxy groups with sodium azide. The cell adhesive RGD peptide was finally conjugated onto the PGMA brushes via alkyneazide click reaction. Kinetic studies revealed that the PGMA chain growth from the PVDF surface was consistent with a "controlled" process, and that the amount of immobilized RGD peptide on the PGMA brushes increased with the concentration of the pendant azide groups. The specificity of cellular interactions of adipose tissue-derived stem cells (ASCs) on the functionalized PVDF films was investigated. Results demonstrated that cell adhesion and proliferation of ASCs were significantly improved on the RGD-immobilized PVDF substrates, and this improvement was positively correlated with the surface concentration of covalently-bonded RGD peptide. With the inherent superior chemical and mechanical properties of PVDF films and the biocompatible nature of cell-adhesive peptides, surface functionalized PVDF films are potentially useful for biomedical and tissue engineering applications.

Investigation of perfluorinated proton exchange membranes prepared via a facile strategy of chemically combining poly(vinylphosphonic acid) with PVDF by means of poly(glycidyl methacrylate) grafts

“…Upon grafting of PGMA, the surface roughness of PVDF-g-PGMA membrane reveals an obvious increase about 193.12 nm. This result was consistent with the previous findings that the grafting of the PGMA can lead to a significant increase in surface roughness value, as well as surface morphology [67]. After grafting of PVDF-g-PGMA copolymer with PVPA, by increasing the PVPA ratio, it was noticed a considerable decreasing of the surface roughness from 100.05 to 26.73 nm.…”

“…It is also clear that no cracks were observed which indicates homogeneity of the grafting process. These results confirmed that GMA monomer is grafted onto the PVDF [67][68][69]. After modification of PVDF-g-PGMA copolymer with PVPA, we observed that all samples (Fig.…”

“…There is formation of a smooth surface of the alkaline-treated PVDF powder and a number of pores appear as depicted in Fig. 12a [23,61,[67][68][69][70]. Upon grafting of PGMA onto the alkaline treated PVDF, the surface morphology of PVDF films becomes rougher than that of the alkaline treated PVDF surface.…”

Selecting the Best Graphite for Long-Life, High-Energy Li-Ion Batteries

“…By contrast, no -OH bending and very weak C-OH peaks were seen in the A12 electrodes, which also had the lowest oxygen content on the surface from XPS analysis. 61,62 After cycling, both inorganic and organic SEI species were identified in the resulting spectra (Figure 6d). Note that all cycled electrodes analyzed here were recovered in an Ar-filled glove box, and the FTIR spectra were also taken inside the glove box to avoid any air exposure.…”

Polymer Brushes with Precise Architectures for Molecular Biorecognition

“…Their results have demonstrated that the immobilization of a specific fibronectin fragments enhanced osteoblast differentiation and improved functional implant osseointegration compared to RGD-functionalized or pristine Ti-substrates. Later on, the same group has decorated [53] Ti-surfaces with another bioactive peptide motif, which also induces [54] have immobilized this peptide sequence on Polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) films. These surfaces were initially activated with poly(glycidyl methacrylate) chains using an ATRP polymerization process, starting from secondary fluorine atoms.…”