PYGO2 increases proliferation and migration capacities through critical signaling pathways in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

Abstract

Esophageal cancer, an increasingly prevalent malignancy, is a major concern for global health. The development of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) involves various genetic abnormalities that affect key cell signaling pathways, including Wnt, Hh, Apoptosis, MAPK, EGFR, AKT, Notch, and EMT. Additionally, this malignancy involves some changes in the expression of long noncoding RNAs (LncRNAs). The present study examines the relationship between PYGO2 gene expression and the activity of cell signaling pathways in KYSE‐30 and YM‐1ESCC cell lines. To this end, several cellular and molecular tests were performed, including cell migration, cell cycle, and apoptosis. Also, expression levels of CD133 and CD44 markers, real‐time PCR, and western blot were analyzed after inducing PYGO2 protein expression in the cells. Overexpression of the PYGO2 protein resulted in the upregulation of Wnt pathway‐related genes, leading to enhanced cell migration and proliferation and reduced apoptosis in both cell lines. Furthermore, PYGO2 gene expression induction analysis showed the correlation of several involved genes in Wnt, Hh, Apoptosis, MAPK, EGFR, AKT, and EMT pathways with various LncRNAs.