Pyocyanin biosynthesis by Pseudomonas aeruginosa using a biodiesel by product

Abstract

By-products of biodiesel production, such as crude glycerol, require options for their valorization, which allow obtaining high value products with application in several areas. To achieve this, the use of crude glycerol for the production of pyocyanin was analyzed using three strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, to increase the concentration of metabolite and compare it with that produced using lysogeny broth (LB medium). The effect was dependent on the strain used, shown positively by only two strains. The physiology of P. aeruginosa was analyzed using glycerol as the sole carbon source and the complete substrate for pyocyanin biosynthesis. The extracted compound was identified by UPLC-MS and characterized by electrochemical techniques. The voltamperometric response of the pyocyanin allowed analyzing its ability to participate in redox behaviour and the mechanisms on the electrode surface, which could be associated with adsorption processes. This study shows the potential of the strains used to obtain redox metabolites of high interest with application in bioelectrochemical systems. In ORIGINAL RESEARCH

The influence of nanomaterials on pyocyanin production by Pseudomonas aeruginosa

“…However, pyocyanin remains a costly reagent (e.g., €118 for 5 mg on Merck website). Therefore, the production of pyocyanin is optimized by many research groups by adjusting process conditions, genetic engineering of the microorganisms, or the addition of various substances to the medium, including nanomaterials (Sismaet et al 2014;El-Fouly et al 2015;Ozdal 2019;Ozdal et al 2019;Bacame-Valenzuela et al 2020;da Silva et al 2021;Elbargisy 2021). The analysis of the literature shows that most of the data concerning the influence of nanomaterials on pyocyanin production indicate the inhibition of pigment production.…”

Optimized Production of a Redox Metabolite (pyocyanin) by Pseudomonas aeruginosa NEJ01R Using a Maize By-Product

“…Therefore, it is feasible that P. aeruginosa NEJ01R produces enzymes to degrade the high volume of polysaccharides present in nejayote RE fraction with a positive effect on PYO production. Different strains of P. aeruginosa have demonstrated biosynthesis capacity for effluents of biotechnological processes (with complex composition) such as biodiesel production [ 16 ]; raw substrates, such as cottonseed meal, grape seeds, pea pods, taro leaves and olive wastes, hydrolyzed by acids [ 5 ]; and others, such as ground corn kernels, ground soybean seeds, potato cooking water, ground watermelon seeds and groundnut [ 17 ]. Different concentrations of PYO can be obtained in a defined medium such as nutrient broth and King’s A supplemented with 1% of different raw substrates in submerged fermentations with P. aeruginosa KU-BI02.…”

“…Three colonies (NEJ01R, NEJR5 and NEJ03R) were selected because a green coloration was observed in plates. NEJ01R was used in this study because it showed pigment production in 24 h and growth in different substrates [ 16 ]. The strain NEJ01R was characterized using Gram stain (-) and the biochemical test API 20E (bioMérieux) as Pseudomonas aeruginosa .…”

“…An attractive approach is to use residues as substrates in bioprocesses to obtain value-added molecules. In this way, PYO production by submerged fermentation of P. aeruginosa has been carried out in glycerol (residues of biodiesel production) and a defined medium supplemented with a broad variety of raw materials [ 5 , 16 , 17 ]. One of the options to achieve this goal is the use of wastewaters as a carbon source, which could be considered toxic for the environment, but the use in culture media is an alternative that reduces its polluting and harmful potential, as well as its valorization.…”

Antibacterial behavior and bacterial resistance analysis of P. aeruginosa in contact with copper nanoparticles

“…In particular, Pseudomonas aeruginosa has been described as an opportunist pathogen with high virulence factors and bacterial resistance (included in the ESKAPE list) and is considered one of the most aggressive microorganisms associated with several infectious diseases (Alonso et al, 2020). In addition, due to their versatile metabolism, they can be isolated from complex carbon sources such as industrial effluents and gain important attention in ambient processes (Bacame-Valenzuela et al, 2020). An important characteristic of extremophile P. aeruginosa is the production of a redox-active phenazine derivative denoted as pyocyanin as a response to the bacterial exposition under extreme growth conditions, associated with the overproduction of ROS species (Muller & Merrett, 2014;Whooley & McLoughlin, 1982), which is commonly observed by the characteristic greenish-blue coloration.…”