Pyogenic granuloma of the oral cavity: Comparative study of its clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features

Abstract

There are two histological types of pyogenic granuloma (PG) of the oral cavity: the lobular capillary hemangioma (LCH) and non-LCH type. The aim of the present study was to examine and compare the clinical features, etiological factors, diameter of vascular elements and immunohistochemical features of LCH and non-LCH histological types of PG to determine whether they are two distinct entities. Thirty cases of LCH and 26 cases of non-LCH PG were retrieved and retrospectively studied. Clinically, LCH PG occurred more frequently (66.4%) as sessile lesion whereas non-LCH PG occurred as pedunculated (77%). Non-LCH PG was associated more frequently (86.4%) with etiological factors. The lobular area of the LCH PG contained a greater number of blood vessels with small luminal diameter than did the central area of non-LCH PG. In the central area of non-LCH PG a significantly greater number of vessels with perivascular mesenchymal cells non-reactive for alpha-smooth muscle actin and muscle-specific actin was present than in the lobular area of LCH PG. The differences found in the present study suggest that the two histological types of PG represent distinct entities.

Palatal piyojenik granülom: sıradışı bir bölgede sık rastlanan bir lezyon

“…The color ranges from pink to red to purple depending on the age of the lesion. The surface is characteristically ulcerated and friable 3 . The younger lesions are highly vascular causing considerable bleeding on minor trauma whereas the older lesions become more collagenized and pink.…”

“…It is predominantly seen in the second decade of life in young adult females. This is perhaps due to the vascular effects of female hormones 2,3 . During pregnancy, the changes in the hormonal levels will exaggerate the response to local irritants.…”

Granuloma piogênico exuberante em sítio extragengival

“…We carefully reviewed the literature [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] with comparative purposes, taking as bases the main series of cases published by 2010, making up a total of 1,127 cases and, among these, there were only 79 on the tongue -7% of the cases. As far as the etiology is concerned, it has been reported that 80% of the patients with extragingival oral pyogenic granuloma responded positively on local injuries where the lesions appeared.…”

“…Among them we stress the pyogenic granuloma (PG) because of its occurrence, typical classical characteristic presentation and distribution in gingival sites in over 80% of the cases [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] . Nonetheless, when extragingival lesions appear, a rare condition listed in the literature, diagnosis may be late [1][2][3][4][5][6][7] . Thus, this paper aims at reporting a case of exuberant pyogenic granuloma in a non-gingival site.…”

Oral pyogenic granuloma: one reactive hyperplastic lesion of the gingiva

“…Lip, nasal mucosa, oral mucosa and tongue are the common sites of lobular capillary hemangioma. [19][20] b) A significantly greater number of vessels with perivascular mesenchymal cells non-reactive for alpha-smooth muscle actin and muscle-specific actin are present in the central area of pyogenic granuloma of non-lobular capillary hemangioma variety, compared to lobular capillary hemangioma variety. Lobular capillary hemangioma variety of pyogenic granuloma usually presents as a spontaneous, painless, bleeding mass.…”