Pyometra in an Inguinal Hernia in a Bitch

Abstract

Pyometra in an inguinal hernia was diagnosed in a 10-year-old intact cross-bred bitch which had had dysorexia, depression and inguinal distension. The hernia contained caudal portions of the two uterine horns, uterine cervix and cranial part of the vagina. As the organs were enlarged and full of pus, manual attempt to push back the uterine horns and the vagina in the abdominal cavity through the inguinal canal was unsuccessful. Herniated uterine horns were ligated and cut in their median portion, so it became possible to remove the cervix and the caudal portion of the horns through the hernial orifice, and the ovaries and the cranial part of the horns through a peritoneal midline incision. This bitch was not intended for breeding purposes and, given the presence of a huge pyometra associated with an inguinal hernia, an ovario-hysterectomy was recommended. Uterine herniation should be considered as a differential diagnosis of a caudal lateral inguinal mass. When pushing the uterus back in the abdominal cavity is impossible, a surgical procedure should be performed to detect ischemia–reperfusion injury and/or a septic risk.

Inguinal hernia containing pyometra, jejunum and ileum in a dog

“…18 Interestingly, in most of the previously uterine-herniated cases, only parts of the uterus were entrapped into the hernia sac. 4,6,[8][9][10]12 According to Jahromi et al, a complete herniation of the uterus along with the broad ligaments was diagnosed, but no displacement of the ovaries was confirmed. 13 On the contrary, the present case illustrates a complete herniation of the uterus with ovarian herniation into the hernial sac, while a concurrent herniation of the small intestine was found.…”

“…4 In intact female dogs, the small intestine, the urinary bladder, the spleen and the uterus have also been reported to herniate. [2][3][4]6,[8][9][10][11][12][13][14] Pyometra, 4,6,[9][10][11][12]15 hydrometra/mucometra 3 and hysterocele 8 have rarely been diagnosed in IHs. To the authors' knowledge, this is the first case of pyometra inguinal herniation in a dog with concurrent herniation of the jejunum and ileum.…”

Calcified uterine leiomyoma: A rare association with inguinal hernia in a dog

“…Acquired uterine inguinal hernias are reported in old bitches and are most commonly associated with pregnancy, 9 pyometra 2,3 or rarely with hydrometra/mucometra 10 . Otherwise, reports of inguinal herniation of neoplastic uterus are exceptionally rare and lack radiographic and ultrasonographic findings 4 .…”

“…1 Herniation of gravid and infected uterus through the inguinal ring has been reported in dogs. 2,3 However, herniation of gynaecologic neoplasm is considered exceptionally rare in bitches and, to date, only one case of inguinal hernia associated with uterine leiomyoma has been reported. 4 Independently from inguinal hernia, uterine neoplasia is not commonly found in the bitch.…”

Inguinal Herniation of the Uterus in Pregnant Dogs: Two Cases

“…Ayrıca çoğu türde inguinal fıtık olgularının kalıtsal olup olmadığı bilinmediği için bu tip olgularda kısırlaştırma da önerilmektedir. İnguinal fıtıkta pyometra gelişen olgularda ovaryohisterektomi yapılması önerilmektedir 5 Gebe uterusun fıtıklaşmasında hayvan değerli ise diğer yollar denenebilmesine rağmen en temel görüş ovaryohisterektomidir. Özellikle yedi haftalıktan büyük gebeliklerde ovaryohisterektomi yapılması önerilir 9 .…”