Pyrethroids used indoors – Biological monitoring of exposure to pyrethroids following an indoor pest control operation

Leng, G.; Ranft, Ulrich; Sugiri, Dorothee; Hadnagy, W.; Berger‐Preiß, Edith; Idel, Helga

doi:10.1078/1438-4639-00199

Cited by 60 publications

(30 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The present study showed a relationship between the spraying of pyrethroid pesticides and the concentration of urinary 3-PBA among PCOs in Japan. The detected urinary concentrations were higher than those reported in an occupationally exposed population in the UK 23) , presumably attributable to shorter duration of spraying work in the UK, but were comparable to those reported in Germany 17,18,24,25) . The intra-individual comparison of urinary 3-PBA levels reflected well the seasonal difference of occupational exposure to pyrethroids.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 39%

“…The metabolite partly conjugated and mostly eliminated in urine was first identified as a valid human biomarker of pyrethroid exposure largely on the basis of data from animal studies 11,12) . Subsequent human studies have produced data that support this premise and show the current exposure level [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] . However, there are few reports describing urinary 3-PBA levels in Japan.…”

mentioning

confidence: 88%

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Biological Monitoring of Pyrethroid Exposure of Pest Control Workers in Japan

Wei¹,

Kamijima

Imai³

et al. 2007

Journal of Occupational Health

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Biological Monitoring of Pyrethroid Exposure of Pest Control Workers in Japan: Dong WANG, et al. Department of Radiological and MedicalLaboratory Sciences, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine-Synthetic pyrethroids such as cypermethrin, deltamethrin and permethrin, which are usually used in pest control operations, are metabolized to 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) and excreted in urine. Though 3-PBA can be used to assess exposure to pyrethroids, there are few reports describing urinary 3-PBA levels in Japan. This study aimed to investigate the seasonal variation of the exposure levels of pyrethroids and the concentration of urinary 3-PBA among pest control operators (PCOs) in Japan. The study subjects were 78 and 66 PCOs who underwent a health examination in December 2004 and in August 2005, respectively. 3-PBA was determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. The geometric mean concentration of urinary 3-PBA in winter (3.9 µg/ g creatinine) was significantly lower than in summer (12.2 µg/g creatinine) (p<0.05). Geometric mean concentrations of urinary 3-PBA in the spraying workers and the not-spraying workers within 2 d before the survey were 5.4 µg/g creatinine and 0.9 µg/g creatinine for winter with a significant difference between the groups (p<0.05), and 12.3 µg/g creatinine and 8.7 µg/ g creatinine for summer (p>0.05), respectively. A significant association of 3-PBA levels and pyrethroid Field Studyspraying was thus observed only in winter. In conclusion, the results of the present study show that the exposure level of pyrethroids among PCOs in Japan assessed by monitoring urinary 3-PBA was higher than that reported in the UK but comparable to that in Germany. Further research should be accumulated to establish an occupational reference value in Japan. (J Occup Health 2007; 49: 509-514)

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 39%

mentioning

confidence: 88%

Biological Monitoring of Pyrethroid Exposure of Pest Control Workers in Japan

Wei¹,

Kamijima

Imai³

et al. 2007

Journal of Occupational Health

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“…Table 5 shows that there was a general background level of pyrethroid metabolites as well as to a less extent to trans-CDCA, which was found in 4 out of 15 urine samples in concentrations between 0.05 and 0.13 g/l urine. The 95th percentiles were comparable higher than those mentioned in literature (for cis-DCCA, trans-DCCA and 3-PBA: 0.5-0.6, 0.9 and 0.2 up to 0.9 g/l, respectively) [26][27][28][29][30]. Background values for CDCA, cis-DBCA and F-PBA were quantified for the first time.…”

Section: Results Of Biological Monitoringmentioning

confidence: 98%

Simultaneous determination of pyrethroid and pyrethrin metabolites in human urine by gas chromatography–high resolution mass spectrometry

Leng

Gries

2005

Journal of Chromatography B

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“…Economicamente, as piretrinas constituíram-se no inseticida ideal em função de ser praticamente não tóxico para mamíferos, ter amplo espectro de atividade, apresentar baixo poder residual e alta eficiência em doses baixas 1 . Em razão disso, é relativamente grande o uso de piretróides no controle de pestes em ambientes domésticos com possíveis riscos de contaminação do homem 2 . De acordo com o "International Programme on Chemical Safety" (IPCS) 3 , os piretróides cipermetrina, deltametrina, λ-cialotrina e permetrina são classificados como moderadamente tó-xicos.…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Otimização e validação da técnica de extração líquido-líquido com partição em baixa temperatura (ELL-PBT) para piretróides em água e análise por CG

Vieira¹,

Neves²,

Queiroz³

2007

Quím. Nova

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. The liquid-liquid extraction with the low temperature partition technique was developed for the analysis of four pyrethroids in water by CG. Using a factorial design the extraction technique was optimised evaluating the effect of the variables ionic strength, contact time and proportion between sample and solvent volumes. The validation parameters sensitivity, precision, accuracy and detection and quantification limits were evaluated. The LOD and LOQ of the method varied from 1.1 to 3.2 µg L -1 and 2.7 to 9.5 µg L -1 , respectively.Keywords: pyrethroid; validation; gas chromatography. INTRODUÇÃOPiretróides são inseticidas sintéticos, que apresentam estruturas semelhantes à piretrina. A piretrina, componente ativo extraído das flores do Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium, tem sido utilizada há mais de dois séculos no controle de inúmeras espécies de insetos. Economicamente, as piretrinas constituíram-se no inseticida ideal em função de ser praticamente não tóxico para mamíferos, ter amplo espectro de atividade, apresentar baixo poder residual e alta eficiência em doses baixas 1 . Em razão disso, é relativamente grande o uso de piretróides no controle de pestes em ambientes domésticos com possíveis riscos de contaminação do homem 2 . De acordo com o "International Programme on Chemical Safety" (IPCS) 3 , os piretróides cipermetrina, deltametrina, λ-cialotrina e permetrina são classificados como moderadamente tó-xicos. Apesar da baixa toxicidade verificada para mamíferos, estudos toxicológicos recentes mostraram que os piretróides estão entre os pesticidas mais tóxicos para organismos aquáticos, como peixes e crustáceos, sendo ainda, altamente tóxicos para abelhas 4 . A fórmula dos piretróides é mostrada na Figura 1, juntamente com os radicais de cada um dos quatro piretróides que foram estudados.Várias técnicas têm sido usadas para determinação e quantificação dos resíduos de piretróides em amostras ambientais. Dentre elas destacam-se a cromatografia gasosa (CG) acoplada a detector seletivo de captura de elétrons (DCE) 1,5,6 ou acoplada ao detector de massas no modo de seleção de íons 7-9 e a cromatografia líquida de alta eficiência (CLAE), acoplada a detector ultravioleta (UV) 10 . Atualmente são encontrados inúmeros trabalhos de monitoramento de resíduos de piretróides em águas 4,11,12 , solos [13][14][15] e alimentos 10,16,17 utilizando as mais diversas técnicas de extração e análise.Nos últimos anos, foram desenvolvidas técnicas de extração e purificação de resíduos de piretróides, com uma demanda menor de solventes, como a extração em fase sólida 11-13 e a microextração em fase sólida 4,18 . Apesar do desenvolvimento das técnicas de extração e microextração em fase sólida, a extração líquido-líquido continua sendo a mais empregada por ser uma técnica simples, que não exige instrumentação sofisticada, e de fácil execução. Assim, vários trabalhos foram realizados com o objetivo de otimizar e minimizar o consumo de solventes utilizados nesta técnica.A extração líquido-líquido de analitos lipofílicos em amostras ...

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Pyrethroids used indoors – Biological monitoring of exposure to pyrethroids following an indoor pest control operation

Cited by 60 publications

References 11 publications

Biological Monitoring of Pyrethroid Exposure of Pest Control Workers in Japan

Biological Monitoring of Pyrethroid Exposure of Pest Control Workers in Japan

Simultaneous determination of pyrethroid and pyrethrin metabolites in human urine by gas chromatography–high resolution mass spectrometry

Otimização e validação da técnica de extração líquido-líquido com partição em baixa temperatura (ELL-PBT) para piretróides em água e análise por CG

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