Pyrogens, a polypeptide produces fever by metabolic changes in hypothalamus: Mechanisms and detections

Prajitha, N.; Ss, Athira; Mohanan, P.V.

doi:10.1016/j.imlet.2018.10.006

Cited by 42 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…( Laupland, 2009 ). The currently recognized major pyrogenic cytokines are interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) ( Prajitha et al., 2018 ).…”

Section: Fevermentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress on Main Symptoms of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Improved by Traditional Chinese Medicine

Luo

Liu

et al. 2020

Front. Pharmacol.

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Novel coronavirus (COVID-19) pneumonia has become a major threat to worldwide public health, having rapidly spread to more than 180 countries and infecting over 1.6 billion people. Fever, cough, and fatigue are the most common initial symptoms of COVID-19, while some patients experience diarrhea rather than fever in the early stage. Many herbal medicine and Chinese patent medicine can significantly improve these symptoms, cure the patients experiencing a mild 22form of the illness, reduce the rate of transition from mild to severe disease, and reduce mortality. Therefore, this paper summarizes the physiopathological mechanisms of fever, cough, fatigue and diarrhea, and introduces Chinese herbal medicines (Ephedrae Herba, Gypsum Fibrosum, Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, Asteris Radix et Rhizoma, Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, Codonopsis Radix, Atractylodis Rhizoma, etc.) and Chinese patent medicines (Shuang-huang-lian, Ma-xinggan-shi-tang, etc.) with their corresponding therapeutic effects. Emphasis was placed on their material basis, mechanism of action, and clinical research. Most of these medicines possess the pharmacological activities of anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antiviral, and immunity-enhancement, and may be promising medicines for the treatment or adjuvant treatment of COVID-19 patients.

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“…( Laupland, 2009 ). The currently recognized major pyrogenic cytokines are interleukin-1 (IL-1), interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) ( Prajitha et al., 2018 ).…”

Section: Fevermentioning

confidence: 99%

Research Progress on Main Symptoms of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Improved by Traditional Chinese Medicine

Luo

Liu

et al. 2020

Front. Pharmacol.

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“…Expert report on clinical trials carried out. 8 Evidence of the long history of use of the medicine in its current or traditional form (minimum 20 years). Detailed presentation of known toxicological risks.…”

Section: Requested Items For Marketing Authorization Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Fever is one of the symptoms marking the onset of an infection or inflammation. The use of T. macroptera in feverish illnesses might be explained by its ability to interfere with the fever pathway, where exogenous pyrogens, such as microbes and/or their toxins, stimulate mononuclear phagocytes to release proinflammatory and pyrogenic cytokines such as TNF-α, IL1, IL-6, and IFNγ [8]. The release of such cytokines was also shown to be associated with pain in the murine model we used to measure the analgesic activity of T. macroptera, based on acetic acid-induced writhing [9].…”

Section: Requested Items For Marketing Authorization Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The release of such cytokines was also shown to be associated with pain in the murine model we used to measure the analgesic activity of T. macroptera, based on acetic acid-induced writhing [9]. These pyrogenic cytokines trigger arachidonic acid metabolism, including prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) production, a lipid mediator largely associated with fever and inflammation [8]. Furthermore, in the present study, we screened the efficacy of extracts of T. macroptera in a mouse model of CCl 4 -induced acute hepatic damage to test its potential as a potent hepatoprotective medicinal plant.…”

Section: Requested Items For Marketing Authorization Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory, Anti-pyretic, Analgesic, and Hepatoprotective Properties of Terminalia macroptera

Haïdara

Dénou

Haddad

et al. 2020

Planta Medica International Open

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In Mali, improved traditional medicines [“Médicaments Traditionnels Améliorés”] are prepared from traditionally used medicinal plants. Recently, the Department of Traditional Medicine has identified Terminalia macroptera Guill. & Perr. (Combretaceae) as a potential candidate for an improved traditional medicine. T. macroptera is a West African medicinal plant used in Mali against various health disorders, with more than 30 different indications mentioned by traditional healers, including hepatitis, gonorrhea, fever, pain relief, and various infectious diseases (Helicobacter pylori-associated diseases). To date, validation of most of the biological activities of has been mainly carried out in vitro, except for antimalarial activities. In this study, the potential anti-inflammatory, antipyretic, analgesic, and hepatoprotective properties of T. macroptera were investigated in different murine models. Administration of T. macroptera ethanolic root and leaf extracts in rats significantly reduced pyrexia, pain, inflammation, and hepatic marker enzymes such as alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase in the different murine models used (p<0.05). A phytochemical screening of T. macroptera revealed the presence of tannins, flavonoids, saponins, anthracene derivatives, sterols, triterpenes, and sugars in both leaf and root extracts as the main phytochemical compounds. This was confirmed by qualitative analysis, liquid chromatography coupled with high-resolution mass spectrometry. T. macroptera extracts demonstrated interesting in vivo antipyretic, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and hepatoprotective activities. Therefore, T. macroptera should be proposed and further evaluated as a potential improved traditional medicine for the treatment of liver-related disorders and for the relief of pain and fever.

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“…The term “fever” basically represents an elevated body temperature above the normal physiological range of 36.5°C to 37.5°C 4,5. Young children are particularly affected by febrile illnesses, and hospital-based studies as well as a recent population-based study suggest that boys are more affected by infections than girls 6,7…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

<p>The Burden Of Visits For Fever At A Paediatric Emergency Room: A Retrospective Study On Patients Presenting At The Cantons Hospital Of Fribourg, A Peripheral Public Hospital Of Switzerland</p>

Piller¹,

Herzog²

2019

PHMT

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IntroductionFever is the chief complaint of up to one-third of all paediatric office visits in many places. The high number of consultations at our emergency department (ED) led us to hypothesise that this increase was due to febrile paediatric patients with lower urgency seeking medical advice.MethodsWe retrospectively analysed the number and characteristics of patients 3 months to 5 years of age consulting for a body temperature of 38.5°C or higher during the 6 winter months of 2011–2012.ResultsTwenty-four percent of all consultations were requested by the patients included in our group. None of the 835 patients had to be hospitalised, 95% of these patients had additional respiratory or gastrointestinal symptoms, 36.7% required antibiotic therapy, and 17.6% (laryngitis and lower respiratory tract infection (RTI)) required temporary respiratory support. A total of 56.2% of patients sought advice outside of the normal working hours.ConclusionThe majority of patients had fever accompanied by additional symptoms justifying a medical consultation. However, most of these did not require the infrastructure of an ED for their health care problem and probably visited the ED because of the open hours.

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Pyrogens, a polypeptide produces fever by metabolic changes in hypothalamus: Mechanisms and detections

Cited by 42 publications

References 67 publications

Research Progress on Main Symptoms of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Improved by Traditional Chinese Medicine

Research Progress on Main Symptoms of Novel Coronavirus Pneumonia Improved by Traditional Chinese Medicine

Evaluation of Anti-inflammatory, Anti-pyretic, Analgesic, and Hepatoprotective Properties of Terminalia macroptera

<p>The Burden Of Visits For Fever At A Paediatric Emergency Room: A Retrospective Study On Patients Presenting At The Cantons Hospital Of Fribourg, A Peripheral Public Hospital Of Switzerland</p>

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