Pyrolysis and combustion of electronic wastes

Moltó, Julia; Font, R.; Gálvez, Araceli; Conesa, Juan A.

doi:10.1016/j.jaap.2008.10.023

Cited by 113 publications

(58 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…In previous studies (Moltó et al, 2011;Moltó et al, 2009), relatively low emission factors of PCDD/Fs were obtained in the thermal treatment of electronic wastes, and the results observed in this study confirmed this fact. In any case, PBDD/F emissions are significantly higher than those of PCDD/Fs.…”

Section: Chlorobenzenes Chlorophenols and Bromophenolssupporting

confidence: 88%

“…The yields obtained for sample "nmf-WCB" are approximately twice that of the original sample "WCB", and this can be due to the fact that the polymer content in the "nmf-WCB" is approximately twice the polymer content in the "WCB" sample. A similar behavior was observed in a previous work, when comparing the emissions of volatile compounds from electronic wastes (mix of circuit board and mobile phone case) and a printed circuit board alone (Moltó et al, 2009). …”

Section: Gases and Volatile Compoundssupporting

confidence: 86%

“…Yields are higher under pyrolytic conditions, since these compounds are easily oxidized in the presence of oxygen Conesa et al, 2000); these are considered final products from cracking reactions occurring at high temperatures, and show a maximum at 850 ºC, as also observed by Moltó et al (Moltó et al, 2011;Moltó et al, 2009). The yields obtained for sample "nmf-WCB" are approximately twice that of the original sample "WCB", and this can be due to the fact that the polymer content in the "nmf-WCB" is approximately twice the polymer content in the "WCB" sample.…”

Section: Gases and Volatile Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 62%

“…Our group has already reported on the combustion and pyrolysis emissions from obsolete mobile phones, including printed circuit boards, mobile cases and a mixture of both materials (Moltó et al, 2011;Moltó et al, 2009), but analyzing only the chlorinated compounds, including PCDD/Fs. The aim of the present study is to characterize the emissions from thermal degradation of waste WCB in an exhaustive way, especially regarding the potential formation of PBDD/Fs and the influence of the metal presence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Pollutant emissions during pyrolysis and combustion of waste printed circuit boards, before and after metal removal

García

Conesa

Moltó

et al. 2014

Science of The Total Environment

101

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The constant increase in the production of electronic devices implies the need for an appropriate management of a growing number of waste electrical and electronic equipment.Thermal treatments represent an interesting alternative to recycle this kind of waste, but particular attention has to be paid to the potential emissions of toxic by-products. In this study, the emissions from thermal degradation of printed circuit boards (with and without metals) have been studied using a laboratory scale reactor, under oxidizing and inert atmosphere at 600 and 850 ºC. Apart from carbon oxides, HBr was the main decomposition product, followed by high amounts of methane, ethylene, propylene, phenol and benzene. The maximum formation of PAHs was found in pyrolysis at 850 ºC, naphthalene being the most abundant. High levels of 2-, *Corresponding author. E-mail: ja.conesa@ua.es. Phone: +(34)965903400 Fax: +(34)965903826 2 4-, 2,4-, 2,6-and 2,4,6-bromophenols were found, especially at 600 ºC. Emissions of PCDD/Fs and dioxin-like PCBs were quite low and much lower than that of PBDD/Fs, due to the higher bromine content of the samples. Combustion at 600 ºC was the run with the highest PBDD/F formation: the total content of eleven 2,3,7,8-substituted congeners (tetra-through heptaBDD/Fs) was 7240 and 3250 ng WHO 2005 -TEQ/kg sample, corresponding to the sample with and without metals, respectively.

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Section: Chlorobenzenes Chlorophenols and Bromophenolssupporting

confidence: 88%

Section: Gases and Volatile Compoundssupporting

confidence: 86%

Section: Gases and Volatile Compoundsmentioning

confidence: 62%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Pollutant emissions during pyrolysis and combustion of waste printed circuit boards, before and after metal removal

García

Conesa

Moltó

et al. 2014

Science of The Total Environment

101

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…These results were in good agreement with literatures. For instance, styrene was the most significant constituent during the pyrolysis and combustion of mobile phones (PCBAs and casing) and PCBAs alone (Moltó et al, 2009). Similarly, both the casings and keyboards of computers provide mainly aromatic derivatives, especially styrene and ethylbenzene and then toluene during pyrolysis (Vasile et al, 2006).…”

Section: Rotary Incinerator Workhopsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pollution profiles and health risk assessment of VOCs emitted during e-waste dismantling processes associated with different dismantling methods

Huang

et al. 2014

Environment International

142

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Pollution profiles of typical volatile organic compounds (VOCs) emitted during dismantling of various printed circuit board assemblies (PCBAs) of e-wastes using different methods were comparatively investigated in the real e-waste dismantling workshops in South China in April 2013. Similar pollution profiles and concentrations of VOCs were observed between dismantling mobile phone and hard disk PCBAs by using electric blowers and between dismantling television and power supplier PCBAs using electric heating furnaces. Aromatic hydrocarbons (accounting for N60% of the sum of VOCs) were the dominant group during using electric blowers, while aromatic (accounting for N44% of the sum of VOCs) and halogenated hydrocarbons (accounting for N48% of the sum of VOCs) were the two dominant groups which contributed equally using electric heating furnaces. However, the distribution profiles of VOCs emitted during dismantling of televisions, hard disks and micro motors using rotary incinerators varied greatly, though aromatic hydrocarbons were still the dominant group. The combustion of e-wastes led to the most severe contamination of VOCs, with total VOCs (3.3 × 10 4 μg m −3 ) using rotary incinerators about 190, 180, 139, and 40 times higher than those using mechanical cutting, electric soldering iron, electric blower, and electric heating furnace, respectively. Both cancer and non-cancer risks existed for workers due to exposure to on-site emitted VOCs in all workshops especially in those using rotary incinerators according to the USEPA methodology, whereas only cancer risks existed in rotary incinerator workshops according to the American Conference of Industrial Hygienists methodology.

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Combustion characteristics of waste printed circuit boards in thermogravimetric analyzers

Xiao

Chi

Buekens

2013

Env Prog and Sustain Energy

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High temperature combustion is crucial for the most promising pyrometallurgical processing among the present processing methods of waste printed circuit boards (PCBs). This article reports the experimental studies of pyrolysis and combustion characteristics of waste PCBs using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) techniques, and inorganic bromine (HBr+Br2) evolution during the temperature ranges based on the TGA data using the batch reactor system. Emphasis is laid on the weight loss in predevolatilization stage and the volatiles evolution. In the predevolatilization stage, there are 0.7% and 1.0% weight losses under pyrolysis and combustion condition respectively. The evolution of inorganic bromine contributes 85% and 90% to the two weight losses respectively. Remarkably, in the stage of volatiles rapid evolution, compared with that under pyrolysis condition, the volatiles evolution decreases by 22.8 wt % under combustion condition. Besides, 62 wt % of the original bromine evolves in the form of HBr during this stage, and 67% HBr in effluent converts to Br2. Based on these findings, the primary mechanism of weight loss in the predevolatilization stage and the volatiles evolution were discussed and analyzed. The findings are valuable for the combustion organization practice of waste PCBs. © 2013 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Environ Prog, 33: 1105–1110, 2014

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Pyrolysis and combustion of electronic wastes

Cited by 113 publications

References 19 publications

Pollutant emissions during pyrolysis and combustion of waste printed circuit boards, before and after metal removal

Pollutant emissions during pyrolysis and combustion of waste printed circuit boards, before and after metal removal

Pollution profiles and health risk assessment of VOCs emitted during e-waste dismantling processes associated with different dismantling methods

Combustion characteristics of waste printed circuit boards in thermogravimetric analyzers

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