Pyrolysis behaviors of waste coconut shell and husk biomasses

Abstract

Coconut shell and husk are two biomasses wastes abundant in most of the coastal countries. However, despite their enormous potential as energy sources, they are hardly studied and their thermal characteristics are still not well known. In this study, both biomasses are thermally degraded through thermogravimetry (TG-DTA) and their pyrolysis product yield such as char, tar and gases are analyzed. The TG-DTA results show that pyrolysis of biomass consists of three stages. Three stages can be outlined as: (1) dehydration process for temperatures below 122°C, (2) pyrolytic cracking from 122°C to 400°C, stage consist of two exothermic simultaneous processes where hemicelluloses, cellulose and lignin are decomposed and a high amount of volatile matter formation occurs and (3) the last endothermic decomposition of the lignin at temperatures above 400°C. From the pyrolytic results, it is showed that the char and gases yields were increased with the decrement tar. The gas-evolving profiles from pyrolyzing the coconut shell and husk components in a packed bed, monitored by a GC-TCD and a GC-FID, showed similar behavior. H 2 was released out at a higher temperature (>450°C) and it got the maximum rate at 700°C then it decreased. CO 2 was released out at 130°C-750°C and got the maximum releasing value at 300°C-400°C. The released CO showed almost similar pattern with that of CO 2. However, the release rate was lower than CO 2 and the maximum release rate of CO was found at 300°C-400°C. CH 4 was released out at the temperature between 200°C-850°C, and it got the maximum rate at 550°C. The releasing of hydrocarbon was generally very low.

Potential of Biochar Derived from Agricultural Residues for Sustainable Management

“…This proximate analysis result was similar to the work performed by Gonzaga et al [39] for coconut husk biochar produced using pyrolysis in a micro top-lit updraft retort at 500 • C. In the present study, the CS-based biochar comprised more volatile matter but less fixed carbon than the biochar from CH. Wang and Sarkar [40] reported that CH and CS contain high cellulose and lignin, with the shell having the highest amount of cellulose and husk the maximum amount of lignin. The higher cellulose content of the shell produced more tar than the husk.…”

Nem içeriği, parçacık boyutu ve basıncın fındık zurufu atığının bazı briket özellikleri üzerine etkisi

“…However, as the demands for energy increase along with increases in world population, fossil-fuel reserves are continually decreasing. Fossil fuels such as petroleum, coal and natural gas satisfy the major fraction of total need of world's energy (Wang and Sarkar, 2018). Given that the main task of the energy sector is to ensure the continual availability of reasonably priced energy for a growing population and developing economy, it is clear that the consumption of fossil-based fuels must be reduced and the search for new sources of renewable energy accelerated (Ültanır, 1996).…”

Biomass Waste to Produce Phenolic Compounds as Antiaging Additives for Asphalt

“…Previous studies found that lignin concentrations of WS and PS were very high (above 40 wt %), and their S/G ratios were relatively low (∼0.77), so the bio-oils obtained would have high phenols and low syringols. 36 CH also has a high lignin content (∼40 wt %), 37 so a bio-oil with high phenols without a methoxy group could be expected. 38 The main objectives of the current study were to determine the source dependence of the content and composition of phenolic compounds in bio-oils and to evaluate the efficacy of these bio-oils as antiaging bio-modifiers.…”