Pyrolysis characteristics of the mixture of printed circuit board scraps and coal powder

Hao, Jie; Wang, Haifeng; Chen, Shuhe; Cai, Bin; Wang, Chuanzhen; Xia, Wencheng

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2013.10.043

Cited by 54 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Sun et al (2012) investigated the pyrolysis kinetic using the Coats–Redfern (CR) method. Hao et al (2014) studied the co-pyrolysis characteristics of NMF-WPCBs and coal using the CR method as well. It is worth noting that various kinetic methods have been developed, and these methods have distinct characteristics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic study on the slow pyrolysis of nonmetal fraction of waste printed circuit boards (NMF-WPCBs)

Yao

Xiong

et al. 2020

Waste Manag Res

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In this study, the pyrolysis behaviour of nonmetal fraction of waste printed circuit boards (NMF-WPCBs) was studied based on five model-free methods and distributed activation energy model (DAEM). The possible decomposition mechanism was further probed using the Criado method. Thermogravimetric analysis indicated that the NMF-WPCBs pyrolysis process could be divided into three stages with temperatures of 37–330°C, 330–380°C and 380–1000°C. The mass loss at different heating rate was determined as 26.85–29.98%, 13.47–24.21% and 20.43–23.36% for these stages, respectively. The activation energy ( Eα) from various model-free methods first increased with degree of conversion ( α) increasing from 0.05 to 0.275, and then decreased beyond this range. The coefficient ( R) from the Flynn–Wall–Ozawa (FWO) method was higher, and the resulting Eα fell into the range of 214.947–565.660 kJ mol−1. For the DAEM method, the average Eα value was determined as 337.044 kJ mol−1, comparable with 329.664 kJ mol−1 from the FWO method. The thermal decomposition kinetics of NMF-WPCBs could be better described by the second-order reaction.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic study on the slow pyrolysis of nonmetal fraction of waste printed circuit boards (NMF-WPCBs)

Yao

Xiong

et al. 2020

Waste Manag Res

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“…However, pyrolisis oil concentrates a large number of toxic materials, so its direct use as energy could release them to the environment [71]. The addition of specific additives can reduce the presence of bromine in pyrolisis oil [25], [81]- [83]. Moreover, due to its high content of phenol and phenol derivatives generated by the decomposition of epoxy resins, pyrolisis oil can be also used as raw material to synthesize oil-based resins like phenolic resins, which can be used as polymer composites and coating materials [71], [84].…”

Section: ) Physical Recycling Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

e-WASTE: Everything an ICT Scientist and Developer Should Know

2019

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Every dazzling announcement of a new smart phone or trendy digital device is the prelude to more tons of electronic waste (e-waste) being produced. This e-waste, or electronic scrap, is often improperly added to common garbage, rather than being separated into suitable containers that facilitate the recovery of toxic materials and valuable metals. We are beginning to become aware of the problems that e-waste can generate to our health and the environment. However, most of us are still not motivated enough to take an active part in reversing the situation. The aim of this article is to contribute to increase this motivation by pointing out the significant problem that e-waste represents and its social and environmental implications. We have chosen this forum in which multidisciplinary researchers in ICT from all countries access on regularly to explain the serious problems we are exposed to when we do not make a responsible and correct use of technology. In this paper, we also survey the composition of contemporary electronic devices and the possibilities and difficulties of recycling the elements they contain. As researchers, our contributions in science enable us to find solutions to current problems and to design more and more powerful intelligent devices. But responsible researchers must be aware of the negative effects that this industry causes us and, consequently, assume their commitment with more sustainable designs and developments. Therefore, the knowledge of e-waste issues is crucial also in the scientific world. Researchers should consider this problem and contribute to minimize it or find new solutions to manage it. These must be the additional challenges in our projects.

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“…The formation of HBr started at about 270°C and reached a peak at 310°C. It can be assumed that the higher supply of hydrogen in the phenol or epoxy resin matrix favored the production of HBr (Hao et al, 2014). Other researchers also reported that the organic Br in the non-metallic fraction of WPCB can be converted to HBr via the pyrolysis process, with HBr and phenol being the main products (Shen et al, 2018;Kumagai et al, 2017;Terakado et al, 2011).…”

Section: Tga-ms Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal degradation and pollutant emission from waste printed circuit boards mounted with electronic components

Guo

Luo

Tan

et al. 2020

Journal of Hazardous Materials

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Waste printed circuit boards mounted with electronic components (WPCB-ECs) are generated from electronic waste dismantling and recycling process. Airborne pollutants, including particulate matter (PM) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs), can be released during thermal treatment of WPCB-CEs. In this study, organic substances from WPCB-ECs were pyrolyzed by both thermo-gravimetric analysis (TGA) and in a quartz tube furnace. We discovered that board resin and solder coating were degraded in a one-stage process, whereas capacitor scarfskin and wire jacket had two degradation stages. Debromination of brominated flame retardants occurred, and HBr and phenol were the main products during TGA processing of board resin. Dehydrochlorination occurred, and HCl, benzene and toluene were detected during the pyrolysis of capacitor scarfskin. Benzene formation was found only in the first degradation stage (272-372°C), while toluene was formed both in the two degradation stages. PM with bimodal mass size distributions at diameters of 0.45-0.5 and 4-5 μm were emitted during heating WPCB-ECs. The PM number concentrations were highest in the size ranges

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Pyrolysis characteristics of the mixture of printed circuit board scraps and coal powder

Cited by 54 publications

References 32 publications

Kinetic study on the slow pyrolysis of nonmetal fraction of waste printed circuit boards (NMF-WPCBs)

Kinetic study on the slow pyrolysis of nonmetal fraction of waste printed circuit boards (NMF-WPCBs)

e-WASTE: Everything an ICT Scientist and Developer Should Know

Thermal degradation and pollutant emission from waste printed circuit boards mounted with electronic components

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