Pyrolysis methods impact biosolids-derived biochar composition, maize growth and nutrition

Gonzaga, Maria Isidória Silva; Mackowiak, Cheryl L.; Comerford, N. B.; Moline, Ederlon Flávio da Veiga; Shirley, Jennifer P.; Guimarães, Danielle Vieira

doi:10.1016/j.still.2016.07.009

Cited by 79 publications

(48 citation statements)

References 47 publications

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“…In our experiment, P was applied as fertilizer -just at the beginning (before spring spinach sowing) and the positive effect of BC on the P plant content was shown in the end of spring and autumn spinach plants (increase by 27.5% on average). Gonzaga et al (2017) observed same effect of BC derived from biosolids. Phosphorus contents in above-ground biomass of maize increased with increasing BC application rates.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 54%

Effect of biochar application on the content of nutrients (Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, P) and amino acids in subsequently growing spinach and mustard

Pavlı́ková¹,

Zemanová²,

Břendová³

et al. 2017

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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Zemanová V., Břendová K., Pavlíková D., Kubátová P., Tlustoš P. (2017): Effect of biochar application on the content of nutrients (Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, P) and amino acids in subsequently growing spinach and mustard. Plant Soil Environ., 63: 322-327.The objective of this study was to assess the effect of biochar on growth and metabolism of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) and mustard (Sinapis alba L.) planted in crop rotation: spinach (spring)-mustard-spinach (autumn). The impact of biochar soil application (5% per mass of soil) on the availability of Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na and P to plants as well as the content of free proline and total amino acids contents were evaluated at degraded Chernozem soil. The results showed that biochar soil addition significantly increased spinach growth by 102% and 353% in spring and autumn, respectively. Biochar limited plant content of Ca, Mg and Na, however K content increased in all plants. Inconsistent effect was determined for Fe and P content in plants biomass. Total content of free amino acids was higher in plants harvested at amended treatments, except autumn spinach. Biochar increased proline content in all plants in comparison to control. The highest increase was obtained in mustard -by 186%. The results showed a more sensitive reaction of mustard to biochar application than spinach. Keywords 322Vol. 63, 2017, No. 7: 322-327 Plant Soil Environ.doi: 10.17221/318/2017-PSE adjustment and the accumulation of compatible osmolyte, detoxification of active oxygen species and heavy metals, and intracellular pH regulation. Proline (Pro) is specific free AA which is involved in stress metabolism and tolerance of plants (Pavlíková et al. 2014). Our study aimed to compare the ability of spinach and mustard accumulation of nutrients and amino acids as a response to biochar application to soil. MATERIAL AND METHODSExperimental design and soil characteristics. The experiment was conducted at greenhouse controlled conditions. Spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) and mustard (Sinapis alba L.) were chosen as experimental plants, while the crop rotation was spinach-mustard-spinach. Firstly, spinach was sown in March and harvested after 64 days. Mustard was sown in May and harvested after 35 days. Late spinach was sown in August, harvested after 64 days. Biomass of both spinaches was sampled once during vegetation, after 42 days. Modal Chernozem soil (2.5 kg; Prague-Suchdol, Czech Republic; pH KCl = 7.2, cation exchange capacity (CEC) = 258 mmol + /kg, C org = 1.83%, available content of elements: Ca = 6754 mg/kg; K = 233 mg/kg; Fe = 153 mg/kg, Mg = 191 mg/kg; P = 74 mg/kg) was uniquely fertilized with 0.1 g N, 0.16 g P and 0.4 g K per 1 kg of soil (applied in the form of NH 4 NO 3 and K 2 HPO 4 ), only at the beginning of the experiment. The experiment consists of 2 treatments: (i) control (without BC) and (ii) 5% of the applied BC from total mass of soil (BC 5%) thoroughly mixed with soil volume.Biochar characteristics. Detailed biochar properties were described in Břendová et al. (2016). Bioc...

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 54%

Effect of biochar application on the content of nutrients (Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, P) and amino acids in subsequently growing spinach and mustard

Pavlı́ková¹,

Zemanová²,

Břendová³

et al. 2017

PLANT SOIL ENVIRON

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“…Sänger et al () conducted a 03‐year field experiment and reported no increase in yields of winter rye, winter wheat, and maize following the application biochars (wood and maize silage) with or without N fertilizer in a temperate soil. Under the greenhouse experiment, Gonzaga et al () found that biosolids derived biochar prepared in muffle furnace did not affect the maize growth, whereas the biosolids biochar created using a traditional retort kiln reduced the plant growth and increased the plant N and P concentrations significantly at a rate of 60 Mg ha −1 . Hansen et al () reported that application of straw gasification biochar over three successive years did not show any effect on yields of winter wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) and winter oilseed rape ( Brassica napus L.).…”

Section: Biochar As Soil Amelioratormentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of biochar properties on soil conditions and agricultural sustainability: A review

et al. 2017

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This review summarizes the influences of pyrolysis conditions and feedstock types on biochar properties and how biochar properties in turn affect soil properties. Mechanistic evidence of biochar's potential for enhancing crop productivity, carbon sequestration, and nutrient use efficiency are also discussed. The review identifies the knowledge gaps, limitations, and future research directions for large‐scale use of biochar. Both pyrolytic parameters and feedstock types are considered to be the main factors controlling biochar properties such as nutrient content, recalcitrance, and pH. Biochar produced at low temperatures may improve nutrient availability and crop yield in acidic and alkaline soils, whereas high‐temperature biochar may enhance long‐term soil carbon sequestration. Biochar can also improve the efficiency of inorganic and organic fertilizers by enhancing microbial functions and reducing nutrient loss, thereby making nutrients more available to plants. Integration of biochar and chemical or organic fertilizers generally provides for better nutrient management and crop yield in most types of soils. Although biochar can improve degraded soils, it is not a panacea; as such, soil‐ and crop‐specific biochar are needed in order to ensure optimum crop yield and agricultural sustainability.

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“…In particular, recent studies have shown a positive effect of biochar (BC) on yield of maize (Rehman et al 2016;Arif et al 2017;Faloye et al 2017;Gonzaga et al 2017;Kerré et al 2017;Naeem et al 2017;Sarfraz et al 2017). Addition of BC to soil affects its compaction, porosity, water content, permeability, as well as biochemical processes, which promote element cycles and energy flow (Chan 2007;Tan et al 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Germination rate, plant growth, N and P concentrations in maize biomass depended on the type of BC and its application rate (Gonzaga et al 2017). In greenhouse experiments with maize, combination of BC with Fe fertilizer and elemental sulfur significantly increased root and shoot dry weight, grain weight, photosynthetic and transpiration rates, and stomatal conductance (Ramzani et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of biochar and Trichoderma application on fungal diversity and growth of Zea mays in a sandy loam soil

2017

EEB

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Pyrolysis methods impact biosolids-derived biochar composition, maize growth and nutrition

Cited by 79 publications

References 47 publications

Effect of biochar application on the content of nutrients (Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, P) and amino acids in subsequently growing spinach and mustard

Effect of biochar application on the content of nutrients (Ca, Fe, K, Mg, Na, P) and amino acids in subsequently growing spinach and mustard

Impact of biochar properties on soil conditions and agricultural sustainability: A review

Effect of biochar and Trichoderma application on fungal diversity and growth of Zea mays in a sandy loam soil

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