Pyrolysis of algal biomass: Determination of the kinetic triplet and thermodynamic analysis

Vasudev, Vikul; Ku, Xiaoke; Lin, Jianzhong

doi:10.1016/j.biortech.2020.124007

Cited by 68 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…On the other hand, the figure indicates that the values of S  are negative for all samples under investigation for both LTD and HTD steps, this means that the system is becoming less disordered, and the degradation will not occur spontaneously. Negative values of S  are observed in many studies [4,[10][11][12][13][14]. Finally, Tables 1, 2 and 3 summarize the thermodynamic parameters for the two steps LTD and HTD for all three dendrimers under investigation.…”

Section: The Entropymentioning

confidence: 87%

“…Thermodynamic parameters show an important role in better understanding of degradation of the organometallic dendrimer and their response to temperature and hence, their thermal stability. The thermodynamic parameters ( H  , G  and S  ) were calculated using the equations given below [10][11][12][13][14][15][16].…”

Section: Thermodynamic Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The difference between the free energy of a compound and the free energies of its elements gives the change of the Gibbs free energy, G  , [13,14]. For the two steps LTD and HTD, Figures 8 and 9 show the variation of G  with reaction conversion and with temperature, respectively.…”

Section: The Change Of the Gibbs Free Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Entropy, S  , is a physical property that is most associated with the state function of the reaction system, reflecting the disorder, randomness, or uncertainty of the system [11,14]. Figures 10 and 11 show the variation of S  with the reaction conversion,  , and with temperature, respectively.…”

Section: The Entropymentioning

confidence: 99%

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Thermodynamic Parameters of Nonisothermal Degradation of A New Family of Organometallic Dendrimer with Isoconversional Methods

Joraid

Okasha

Al‐Maghrabi³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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The objective of this work is to obtain the thermodynamic parameters, namely, the changes of enthalpy, Gibbs free energy, and the entropy of two degradation steps observed in three of a new family of organometallic dendrimers. The isoconversional Flynn-Wall-Ozawa (FWO) model was employed to calculate the effective activation energy and pre-exponential factor. The changes of enthalpy and the entropy was consistent with the activation energy, whereas the change of Gibbs free energy remains positive during the entire degradation process, implying that the degradation is non-spontaneous and thus requires external heat supply.

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Section: The Entropymentioning

confidence: 87%

Section: Thermodynamic Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Change Of the Gibbs Free Energymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Entropymentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Thermodynamic Parameters of Nonisothermal Degradation of A New Family of Organometallic Dendrimer with Isoconversional Methods

Joraid

Okasha

Al‐Maghrabi³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Besides that, its high protein content promotes aromatic hydrocarbon production which increases bio-oil quality as well [25]. On dry basis, Spirulina's weight comprises of approximately 60 % protein and 10 % lipid [26]. Compared to other biomass types (land and coastal types), Li et.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Detecting chemicals with high yield in pyrolytic liquid of spirulina sp. microalgae via GC-MS

Özçakir

Karaduman

2020

International Journal of Energy Applications and Technologies

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Pyrolysis of Spirulina sp. Microalgae was carried out in a semi-batch glass reactor system. Effect of temperature on the yields of pyrolytic products (gaseous, liquid and solid residue) and chemical composition of the liquid products were investigated. All experiments were performed in 25 mL/min nitrogen atmosphere with 15 g feedstock which was dry and powder form of Spirulina. Temperature was varied from 470 to 620 °C with 50 °C break by utilizing PID controller which was setted 10 °C/min heating rate. The aqueous phase and bio-oil (organic phase) of the liquid products were characterized by GC-MS. Maximum yields of bio-oil and aqueous phase were obtained approximately as 30 wt. % at 520 °C and as 20 wt. % at 470 °C. It was detected that bio-oil composed of aliphatic and cyclic hydrocarbons (such as toluene and heptadecane), oxygenated components (such as phenol, o-cresol and nonadecanol), nitrogenous components (such as hexadecaneamide and 3-Methyl-1H-indole). Unlike bio-oil, hydrocarbons like toluene, ethyl benzene, styrene and alkanes were not detected in aqueous phase.

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Catalytic pyrolysis of lignocellulosic and algal biomass using NaOH as a catalyst

Ram,

Ku,

Vasudev

2024

Biofuels Bioprod Bioref

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In this work, the pyrolysis of barley straw (BS) and brown algae (BA) mixed with NaOH as a catalyst was compared. Four different catalyst‐to‐biomass mass ratios (i.e., 6:100, 8:100, 10:100, and 12:100) and five pyrolysis heating rates were examined. The kinetic parameters (e.g., the activation energy and pre‐exponential factor) were evaluated using the Friedman method and kinetic models. For noncatalytic pyrolysis, the average activation energies for BS and BA samples were 139.71 and 183.19 kJ mol−1, respectively. However, the addition of catalyst generally increased the average activation energy of BS samples but decreased that of BA samples. The enthalpy change and Gibbs free energy change revealed that both catalytic and noncatalytic pyrolysis processes were nonspontaneous and endothermic, and the inclusion of catalyst increased the average entropy change of the BS samples but decreased that of the BA samples. Char and biochar yields after pyrolysis were also analyzed quantitatively. These observations provide insight into the differences in catalytic pyrolysis between lignocellulosic and algal biomass species.

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Pyrolysis of algal biomass: Determination of the kinetic triplet and thermodynamic analysis

Cited by 68 publications

References 42 publications

Thermodynamic Parameters of Nonisothermal Degradation of A New Family of Organometallic Dendrimer with Isoconversional Methods

Thermodynamic Parameters of Nonisothermal Degradation of A New Family of Organometallic Dendrimer with Isoconversional Methods

Detecting chemicals with high yield in pyrolytic liquid of spirulina sp. microalgae via GC-MS

Catalytic pyrolysis of lignocellulosic and algal biomass using NaOH as a catalyst

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