Pyrolysis of Amylsodium and the Dissociation of Organoalkali Metal Reagents to Radicals<sup>1</sup>

Hydrogen is often considered as a technology for the future owing to the limitations of current hydrogen storage materials in powering fuel cell vehicles. However, with the first hydrogen vehicles on the road and the need for better energy storage systems to back-up the increasing penetration of renewables, hydrogen based technologies will undoubtedly play an ever-increasing role in future energy schemes. To support the uptake of hydrogen, the challenge is to design better materials than This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. 2 the ones currently available. This means materials capable of reversible hydrogen uptake and release close to the ambient and with a storage capacity approaching 10 wt%. To date, materials with high hydrogen capacity are known but the lack of approaches to fully control the properties of these materials toward the targets for practical application still remains the drawback. In this context, the approach of particle size reduction or nanosizing has recently emerged as a potential mean to gain full control over the properties of high capacity hydride materials. This review aims to summarise current understanding toward the synthesis of nanomaterials and the potential of current knowledge to aid with the synthesis of nanosized hydrides with properties that could ultimately enable hydrogen storage at the ambient.

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“…Hence, higher homologues are preferable. Propylsodium [70] and amylsodium [71] also decompose rapidly at a lower temperature of 100 C.…”

Section: Thermal Decompositionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rational Design of Nanosized Light Elements for Hydrogen Storage: Classes, Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties

Lai

Wang

Sun

et al. 2018

Adv Materials Technologies

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Organoalkali Reagents

Schlosser

1994

Organometallics in Synthesis

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Natrium‐ und kalium‐organische Verbindungen. Teil I: Eigenschaften und Reaktionsweisen [1]

Schlosser¹

1964

Angewandte Chemie

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A. Eigenschaften I24 Angerv. Chem. 76. Jnhig. 1964 1 N r . 3 Alkalimetalls ist bei metallorganischen Verbindungen mit kovalentem Bindungscharakter stark ausgepragt. Die von Lithium iiber Natrium zum Kalium zunehmende Elektropositivitat auljert sich in einer unverkennbaren Steigerung der Reaktivitat. In ionischen metallorganischen Verbindungen dagegen muB sich das Metall-Kation mit einer Statistenrolle bescheiden [2]. Bindungspolaritat und Reaktivitat laufen nicht notwendig parallel, da sowohl die basizitats-steigernde Elektropositivitat des Metalls als auch die basizitats-mindernde Resonanzstabilisierung des Carbanions polarisierend wirken. Z.B. ist Amylkalium polarer und reaktiver als Amyllithium, das seinerseits den vollig ionisierten Natriummalonester in der Reaktivitat weit iibertrifft. Eine scharfe Trennung zwischen echten und salzartigen alkaliorganischen Verbindungen 1aBt sich ohne Willkur nicht vornehmen, wenn auch Unterschiede im chemischen und physikalischen Verhalten eine Unterteilung erlauben [3]: Gruppe A: 1. Alkyl-, Vinyl-und Aryl-Derivate des Lithiums; 2. Alkyl-, Vinyl-und Aryl-Derivate hoherer Alkalimetalle. Gruppe B : 1. Benzyl-Alkali-Verbindungen ; 2. Alkali-Derivate acider und hochacider Kohlenwasserstoffe; 3. Alkalimetall-Aromaten-Komplexe und Ketyle. Gruppe C: 1. Metallsalze von Allyl-und Cyclopentadienyl-Verbindungen; 2. Metallsalze von Ketonen, Estern und Nitrilen; 3. Metallsalze von Acetylenen und Cyanwasserstoff.An Hand dieser Einteilung wollen wir die Bindungsverhaltnisse der alkaliorganischen Verbindungen im einzelnen betrachten.

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Pyrolysis of Amylsodium and the Dissociation of Organoalkali Metal Reagents to Radicals¹

Cited by 13 publications

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Rational Design of Nanosized Light Elements for Hydrogen Storage: Classes, Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties

Rational Design of Nanosized Light Elements for Hydrogen Storage: Classes, Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties

Organoalkali Reagents

Natrium‐ und kalium‐organische Verbindungen. Teil I: Eigenschaften und Reaktionsweisen [1]

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Pyrolysis of Amylsodium and the Dissociation of Organoalkali Metal Reagents to Radicals1

Cited by 13 publications

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Rational Design of Nanosized Light Elements for Hydrogen Storage: Classes, Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties

Rational Design of Nanosized Light Elements for Hydrogen Storage: Classes, Synthesis, Characterization, and Properties

Organoalkali Reagents

Natrium‐ und kalium‐organische Verbindungen. Teil I: Eigenschaften und Reaktionsweisen [1]

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Pyrolysis of Amylsodium and the Dissociation of Organoalkali Metal Reagents to Radicals¹