Pyrolysis of hollow carbons on melted catalyst

Kovalevski, Vladimir V.; Safronov, Aleksandr N.

doi:10.1016/s0008-6223(97)00223-6

Cited by 106 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…The thickness of the inner dome walls is always thinner than that of the tube walls. This type of bamboo-like tubes is structurally similar to those frequently obtained by other methods [1], [2], [6], [7], [8], [9] and [10]. However, unlike the previous observations of arc-resulted tubes [1] and [2], the dimensions of the different compartment cavities in an individual tube are not always uniform (Fig.…”

Section: Morphologies and Structures Of Bamboo-shape Cntssupporting

confidence: 85%

“…Saito et al [1] and [2] proposed that bamboo-shape tubes are formed from "jumps" of the metal particles out of the graphite sheath to the top of the tube at regular time intervals, driven by the stress accumulated in the graphitic sheath. Kovalevski and Safronov [6] further suggested that the bamboo-shape tubes are formed when the moving rate of the catalyst particle is slightly slower than the growing rate of the graphitic shell. These proposals, based on a conception that the growth of a tube is catalyzed by single catalyst particle, can explain the formation of the type I bamboo-shape carbon nanotubes because, as mentioned above, only one catalyst particle exists at the end of this type of tubes.…”

Section: The Growth Of Bamboo-shape Cntsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Until now, bamboo-shape nanotubes have been fabricated through various processes such as arc-discharge of graphite electrodes [1] and [2], pyrolysis of organometallic compounds [6] and [7], thermal chemical vapor deposition (CVD) [8] and [9], and plasma-enhanced CVD [10], [11], [12] and [13]. Some corresponding growth models have also been proposed [1], [2], [6] and [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Some corresponding growth models have also been proposed [1], [2], [6] and [8]. Saito et al [1] and [2] first observed bamboo-shape CNTs in the products from arc discharge evaporation of nickel-loaded graphite and proposed that they are formed from "jumps" of the metal particles out of the graphite sheath to the top of the tube at regular time intervals, driven by the stress accumulated in the graphitic sheath.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Saito et al [1] and [2] first observed bamboo-shape CNTs in the products from arc discharge evaporation of nickel-loaded graphite and proposed that they are formed from "jumps" of the metal particles out of the graphite sheath to the top of the tube at regular time intervals, driven by the stress accumulated in the graphitic sheath. Kovalevski and Safronov [6] obtained bamboo-shape CNTs through catalytic pyrolysis of acetylene, benzene and ethylene at temperatures between 1950 and 2600°C with metal salts (chlorides, sulfides or nitrides of Fe, Co and Ni) as catalysts. They further proposed a kinetic model for the formation of different types of hollow carbons, in which vapor pressure-driven movement of metal catalyst particles is a key factor for the formation of one-dimension hollow carbon structures and the bamboo-shape CNTs are formed when the rate of catalyst movement is slower than the rate of carbon growth.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 4 more Smart Citations

Formation of bamboo-shape carbon nanotubes by controlled rapid decomposition of picric acid

Lu¹,

Zhu²,

Su³

et al. 2004

Carbon

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In the presence of catalysts, carbon nanotubes (CNTs) can efficiently grow in the environment generated by the rapid decomposition of normal explosives. Controlling the reaction parameters of a mixture of picric acid (PA) with cobalt acetate and paraffin can lead to a welldefined morphology of CNTs. The formation of bamboo-shape tubes is favorable at relatively high Co(AC) 2 /PA and paraffin/PA ratios. It is found that the bamboo-shape tubes are different in morphology and structure and can be categorized roughly into two types, according to the participation of the catalyst nanoparticles. The formation of the two types is discussed.

show abstract

Section: Morphologies and Structures Of Bamboo-shape Cntssupporting

confidence: 85%

Section: The Growth Of Bamboo-shape Cntsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Formation of bamboo-shape carbon nanotubes by controlled rapid decomposition of picric acid

Lu¹,

Zhu²,

Su³

et al. 2004

Carbon

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Influence of Iron Catalyst in the Carbon Spheres Synthesis for Energy and Electrochemical Applications

Scarselli

Limosani

Passacantando

et al. 2018

Adv Materials Inter

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Carbon spheres of nanometric dimension are known since the first studies on the synthesis of fullerenes. Their shape originates from the curvature of a carbon sheet similar to fullerenes, but with numerous graphitic rings that regulate the inside structure and the formation of open edges at the surface. This paper focuses on the structural and electronic characterization of carbon spheres obtained from a chemical vapor deposition synthesis process. Two different sets of samples are analyzed in detail, in particular, electron microscopies and Raman spectroscopy help understanding the morphology and the graphitic‐sp2 arrangement of the carbon atoms in the architectures. In addition, the iron catalyst used during the reaction process confers the carbon spheres a ferromagnetic response at room temperature. Therefore, both the structural properties of the samples and the active contribution of iron mark the difference in the measured photoresponse as well as in the electrochemical behavior. The X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy study addresses these points by giving information on the composition and the iron chemical state in the assembly. The collected results underline the advantages offered by this nanomaterial for sustainable applications.

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Zwillingspolymerisation an sphärischen Hart‐Templaten – ein Weg zu Kohlenstoffhohlkugeln mit einstellbarer Größe und mikro‐ oder mesoporöser Schale

et al. 2013

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Hohlkugeln in Leichtbauweise: Die Kombination der Zwillingspolymerisation mit harten Templaten macht Kohlenstoffhohlkugeln (KHK) mit maßgeschneiderten Eigenschaften zugänglich. Dabei können die Dicke und Porentextur der Schalen sowie der Durchmesser des Kugelhohlraumes gezielt eingestellt werden. Das Anwendungspotenzial auf diese Weise hergestellter poröser KHK wird durch eine herausragende Zyklenstabilität in Lithium‐Schwefel‐Zellen illustriert.

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Pyrolysis of hollow carbons on melted catalyst

Cited by 106 publications

References 36 publications

Formation of bamboo-shape carbon nanotubes by controlled rapid decomposition of picric acid

Formation of bamboo-shape carbon nanotubes by controlled rapid decomposition of picric acid

Influence of Iron Catalyst in the Carbon Spheres Synthesis for Energy and Electrochemical Applications

Zwillingspolymerisation an sphärischen Hart‐Templaten – ein Weg zu Kohlenstoffhohlkugeln mit einstellbarer Größe und mikro‐ oder mesoporöser Schale

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