Pyrolysis studies of polymeric materials used as binders in composite propellants: A review

Beck, Walter

doi:10.1016/0010-2180(87)90077-0

Cited by 63 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…It was reported in literature19, 20 that for HTPB resin, there are two major possible degradation stages with indistinct separation. The temperature of maximum heat evolution is 370°C for the first degradation stage and at around 457°C for the second degradation stage.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization studies on aging properties of acetyl ferrocene containing HTPB‐based elastomers

Dilsiz

Ünver

2006

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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ABSTRACT:In composite solid propellants, low-molecular-weight species such as burning rate catalysts, plasticizer, etc. which migrate into liner and thermal insulation layers during curing and storage invariably result in poor mechanical and ballistic properties of the propellants. In the present study, the migration of the burning rate catalyst, acetyl ferrocene, was investigated spectrophotometrically (UV-visible) by evaluating the extent of hindrance to such migration after applying a barrier (liner) of various crosslink densities between the additive (HTPB-TDI-plasticizer-acetyl ferrocene) and nonadditive (HTPB-TDI) gumstocks replicating the propellant and insulating layer, respectively. Enhancing the crosslink densities of liner via a trifunctional aziridine crosslinking agent inhibited migration. The aging of additive gumstock was done at 60°C and its mechanical properties and extent of acetyl ferrocene migration were also evaluated and analyzed.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Characterization studies on aging properties of acetyl ferrocene containing HTPB‐based elastomers

Dilsiz

Ünver

2006

J of Applied Polymer Sci

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“…According to Figure 4a, one decomposition peak, caused by thermal decomposition of the composites, is observed at 10 8C·min À1 , while there are two decomposition peaks in Figure 4b at 20 8C·min À1 including a main decomposition peak and the other small peak (box in image) due to decomposition of pure RDX at 250 8C [7]. What makes the different is that the pyrolysis of NC in the propellant is highly dependent on the heating rate [38]. Moreover, it is evident that initial and exothermic peak temperature of thermal decomposition reduce with the increase of NCFs from 0.00 to 3.00 wt %.…”

Section: Dsc Testingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of Carbon Nanofibers on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of NC‐TEGDN‐RDX Triple‐Base Gun Propellants

Shen

Liu

et al. 2018

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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Triple‐base gun propellants composed of nitrocellulose (NC), triethylene glycol dinitrate (TEGDN) and cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) with carbon nanofibers (CNFs) were studied to explore the effects of CNFs on the thermal and mechanical properties. The results indicated that CNFs with less than 0.50 wt % were evenly and randomly dispersed in the propellant, otherwise there existed obvious aggregation. Temperatures of initial decomposition and exothermic peak reduced with the increase of NCFs from 0.00 to 3.00 wt %. Decomposition enthalpy of the composites with 0.50 wt % NCFs was 1214.6 J g−1, increased by ∼131.4 J g−1 compared to that of NC‐TEGDN‐RDX propellants. Moreover, the mechanical properties were effectively tailored by varying the amount of CNFs added to the composition. Decomposition enthalpy of the propellant with 0.25 wt % CNFs were hardly compromised for achieving enhancement in the compressive and impact properties, while the tensile strengths decreased slightly compared to that of the propellants.

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“…A two-step degradation was observed by TG analysis (Supporting Information) and DTA indicates exothermic behavior (in both steps). To date, only a few polymers, such as polyacrylonitrile (PAN), [11] hydroxyl terminated polybutadiene (HTPB), [12] polyperoxides (PP), [13] and poly(acyl sulfides) [6a] are reported in the literature as undergoing exothermic degradation. It is to be noted here that HTPB, a widely used fuel binder in composite solid propellant, degrades endothermically in the first step and exothermically in the second step.…”

Section: Dsc Tga and Exothermic Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is to be noted here that HTPB, a widely used fuel binder in composite solid propellant, degrades endothermically in the first step and exothermically in the second step. [12] Conclusion The ability of the unsaturated reactant to undergo polymerization and the plausible mechanism of cis isomer formation is discussed. On the contrary, its saturated counterpart gave cyclic and linear products.…”

Section: Dsc Tga and Exothermic Behaviormentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis, Characterization, and Mechanism of Polymerization of Poly(but‐2‐ene sulfide)

Sundarrajan

Srinivasan

2004

Macromol. Rapid Commun.

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Summary: The effect of structural factors on polymer formation versus cyclization is reported. The reaction of sodium sulfide with either 1,4‐dibromobut‐2‐ene 1 or 1,4‐dibromobutane 2 has been carried out in presence of a phase transfer catalyst and it was observed that the former yields polymer, whereas the latter gives cyclic and linear products. Interestingly, trans/cis isomerization takes place during the polymer formation from 1 and a plausible mechanism has also been discussed.The reaction mechanism for unsaturated compound 1 and saturated compound 2 is discussed here.magnified imageThe reaction mechanism for unsaturated compound 1 and saturated compound 2 is discussed here.

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Pyrolysis studies of polymeric materials used as binders in composite propellants: A review

Cited by 63 publications

References 25 publications

Characterization studies on aging properties of acetyl ferrocene containing HTPB‐based elastomers

Characterization studies on aging properties of acetyl ferrocene containing HTPB‐based elastomers

Influence of Carbon Nanofibers on Thermal and Mechanical Properties of NC‐TEGDN‐RDX Triple‐Base Gun Propellants

Synthesis, Characterization, and Mechanism of Polymerization of Poly(but‐2‐ene sulfide)

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